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Spanish translation: aprovechados

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
English term or phrase:takers
Spanish translation:aprovechados
Entered by: Miguel Moreno

20:00 Mar 7, 2023
English to Spanish translations [PRO]
Government / Politics / Probably slang
English term or phrase: takers
Buenas, colegas

No entiendo bien el sentido de esta palabra en este contexto. Supongo que es un modismo, y agradecería sugerencias que suenen bien en español.

"In 2008, the election of Barack Obama raised hopes, especially among white Americans, that the country had finally transcended its racist past. Bell, who died midway through Obama’s first term, would have been far more skeptical – and rightly so. As it turned out, the presence of a Black family in the White House, together with conservative resentment of “takers” and fear of an emerging non-white majority, triggered another racial backlash, setting the stage for the rise of Donald Trump, Youngkin, and DeSantis."

¡Gracias de antemano!
David Meléndez Tormen
Chile
Aprovechados
Explanation:
Entiendo que los tiros van por la expresión "give and take". Pues bien, el texto se refiere a personas que solo "take" y no "give".
Selected response from:

Miguel Moreno
Spain
Local time: 09:11
Grading comment
Muchas gracias a todos quienes contestaron, dando respuestas u ofreciendo referencias. @María Teresa, busqué en Google traducciones para el título del libro que comentas, pero no encontré ninguna. Al final opté por ponerme creativo y traducir "takers" como "atornillados en sus cargos".
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +4Aprovechados
Miguel Moreno
4 +1usurpadores/ocupas
abe(L)solano
5parásitos/ociosos/vagos/holgazanes
Jose Marino
Summary of reference entries provided
Makers vs Takers
María Teresa Taylor Oliver

Discussion entries: 8





  

Answers


19 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
usurpadores/ocupas


Explanation:
Dicen que los conservadores sintieron/pensaron que la Casa Blanca no era el lugar para una familia de color. O sea, que "tomaron" algo que no les pertenecía (según ellos). Creo que en español "usurpadores" refleja muy bien esto.

https://landportal.org/fr/node/100846
Apuntaron contra la magistrada por estigmatizarlos como usurpadores u ocupas sin reconocer sus derechos y...

https://www.radionacional.com.ar/vecinos-de-sierras-chicas-s...
Nosotros hemos pagado muy bien pagados nuestros terrenos que además, fueron autorizados. No es que somos usurpadores u ocupas.

abe(L)solano
France
Native speaker of: Native in SpanishSpanish

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  nahuelhuapi: ¡Un abrazo!
57 mins
  -> Gracias Nahuelhuapi, saludos
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1 hr   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +4
Aprovechados


Explanation:
Entiendo que los tiros van por la expresión "give and take". Pues bien, el texto se refiere a personas que solo "take" y no "give".

Miguel Moreno
Spain
Local time: 09:11
Native speaker of: Native in SpanishSpanish
PRO pts in category: 4
Grading comment
Muchas gracias a todos quienes contestaron, dando respuestas u ofreciendo referencias. @María Teresa, busqué en Google traducciones para el título del libro que comentas, pero no encontré ninguna. Al final opté por ponerme creativo y traducir "takers" como "atornillados en sus cargos".

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Jose Marino: Mejor aprovechadores.
7 hrs

agree  patinba: y con José.
13 hrs

agree  Beatriz Ramírez de Haro: Yo también
14 hrs

agree  Beatriz Cabrera
14 hrs
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9 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5
parásitos/ociosos/vagos/holgazanes


Explanation:
Es un concepto meramente político en EE. UU., y tal vez en otros países anglosajones.
Va en la línea de lo que comenta miguel: aprovechadores.

El concepto bien se explica en:
"The makers-​versus-​takers, producers-​versus-​parasites, industrious-​versus-​idle dichotomy is at the heart of libertarian thought "
https://www.libertarianism.org/columns/makers-takers-liberta...

Ejemplos:

https://www.usnews.com/debate-club/is-the-united-states-a-na...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makers_and_Takers

https://www.usnews.com/debate-club/is-the-united-states-a-na...

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2012/09/17/romne...



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Note added at 15 hrs (2023-03-08 11:12:41 GMT)
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En este otro enlace: http://www.pensamientocritico.org/la-ultraderecha-de-estados...
se haba de los que obtienen beneficios, los “asistidos”.

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Note added at 15 hrs (2023-03-08 11:15:01 GMT)
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Se me ocurre también el término "vividores"
4. adj. Que vive a expensas de los demás, buscando por malos medios lo que necesita o le conviene. U. t. c. s.
Así como sanguijuelas:
2. f. coloq. Persona que va poco a poco sacando a alguien el dinero, alhajas y otras cosas.
(DRAE)

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Note added at 2 days 9 hrs (2023-03-10 05:37:47 GMT) Post-grading
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David, revisa bien, el concepto no se refiere específicamente a cargos, cargos públicos sino a personas en general que de alguna u otra forma se benefician del sistema. Aquí caerían las personas que suelen obtener beneficios por desempleo.

Jose Marino
Spain
Local time: 09:11
Native speaker of: Native in SpanishSpanish
PRO pts in category: 4
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Reference comments


32 mins peer agreement (net): +5
Reference: Makers vs Takers

Reference information:
Hola, David. Interesante texto te ha tocado traducir. Siento que la sugerencia de Abel va por buen camino, pero no me gusta lo de "ocupas" porque me parece muy fuerte, semánticamente hablando. Siento que le añade un tono extra que no tiene el original.

Ahora bien, encontré estas referencias que quizá te sirvan para orientarte.

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Note added at 33 mins (2023-03-07 20:33:44 GMT)
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Lo siento, no sé por qué esta cosa me pide que ponga un URL para luego cortarlo. A ver si ahora sí sale bien: https://www.usnews.com/debate-club/is-the-united-states-a-na...

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Note added at 34 mins (2023-03-07 20:34:47 GMT)
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Acá va el otro, aunque este es un extracto de un libro que luego te pide comprar para verlo todo: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/fox-populism/makers...

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Note added at 38 mins (2023-03-07 20:38:16 GMT)
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Mitt Romney’s America: Makers vs. takers
Romney’s inelegant language concludes that 47 percent of his fellow Americans are not worth bothering with because they don’t pay federal income taxes. That was not a gaffe, nor a misspoken phrase. It is a state of mind that sees the non-rich as belonging on the wrong side of the tracks and the government as the personal valet of the rich to transfer wealth by limiting the survival resources of the so-called weak and unfit — a cross between laissez faire and social Darwinism.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/therootdc/post/mitt-rom...

The Truth About Makers and Takers: We Are All the Takers
If you live in the United States, you're a Taker. If you work in the United States, you're a Maker. If you believe in escalating marginal tax rates, you're a redistributionist.
Mitt Romney's 47% moment breathed new life into the idea that the U.S. is divided between "the makers" and "the takers."
The story goes like this. There are those who make money and pay taxes: The top 10% of earners pay 70% of federal income taxes. And there are those who take money and don't pay taxes: About half of Americans live in households that receive direct government benefits, like Medicare, Social Security, or food stamps. A similar share of the country doesn't owe federal income taxes.
https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/09/the-tru...



Why Paul Ryan stopped referring to "makers" and "takers"
House Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wisconsin, used to occasionally refer to Americans as "takers" and "makers" in speeches about economic policy - the former was a reference to Americans on government benefits. In a 2014 Wall Street Journal opinion piece, however, Ryan acknowledged that the phrase "gave insult where none was intended," and promised to stop using it.
"People who go on government assistance, people who are on government benefits, sure, some people are going to exploit the system. Some people are choosing to just, you know, live on the dole and not work because they prefer that. That's a small percentage of it," explained Ryan, who was in South Carolina to host a summit focused on how Republicans can help alleviate poverty in America.
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/why-paul-ryan-stopped-referring...


The Danger of Discussing ‘Maker and Taker’ States
When Democrats talk about ‘moocher’ red states receiving more federal benefits than they give in federal taxes, they reveal their elitism and reinforce ‘welfare queen’ rhetoric.
https://prospect.org/politics/danger-of-discussing-maker-and...

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Note added at 19 hrs (2023-03-08 15:51:09 GMT)
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David, como tu texto parece citar el "takers" usado por Mitt Romney (en contraparte con "makers"), mi sugerencia es buscar si esa frase—"makers and takers"—ya se ha traducido en este contexto. Pero supongo que ya sabes eso... :)


    https://www.usnews.com/debate-club/is-the-united-states-a-nation-of-makers-and-takers/the-distinction-between-makers-and-takers-is-purely-po
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/fox-populism/makers-and-the-takers/1D1448E277CD206D68A771D83FE62C4B
María Teresa Taylor Oliver
Panama
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in SpanishSpanish
PRO pts in category: 4

Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
agree  Victoria Frazier: Totalmente de acuerdo. Otro término para los "takers" que toman y no contribuyen es "free loaders".
1 hr
  -> ¡Gracias! "Free loaders" resume muy bien la idea.
agree  abe(L)solano: Buenos días, Ma. teresa. Anoche ya era tarde acá, por eso no busqué más.
10 hrs
  -> ¡Buenos días! Acá en Panamá son casi las 11 y yo aún con café :)
agree  Juan Gil
14 hrs
  -> ¡Gracias!
agree  Beatriz Ramírez de Haro
15 hrs
  -> ¡Gracias!
agree  Angela Puentes
2 days 3 hrs
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