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Spanish to English: Introduction to Sports Psychology General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: Sports / Fitness / Recreation
Source text - Spanish MOTIVACIÓN
¿Por qué ocurre la conducta? La acción, o la conducta, no ocurren de forma espontánea, ya que son inducidas, bien por motivos internos, bien por incentivos ambientales.El estudio de la motivación de la conducta es el estudio del por qué (motivo= razón para hacer algo).
Según Littman (1958):
“La motivación se refiere al proceso o condición que puede ser fisiológico o psicológico, innato o adquirido, interno o externo al organismo, el cual determina o describe por qué, o respecto a qué, se inicia, se selecciona o finaliza; este fenómeno también se refiere al estado por el cual determinada conducta frecuentemente se logra o se desea: también se refiere al hecho de que un individuo aprenderá, recordará u olvidará cierto material de acuerdo con la importancia y el significado que el sujeto le de a la situación”.
La motivación es un tema central en cualquier esfera de la actividad humana, en la empresa, en la vida académica o en el deporte, el rendimiento y los buenos resultados generalmente suelen asociarse al nivel de motivación que manifiestan las personas. La motivación implica movimiento o activación, tanto es así que para describir un estado altamente motivado se utilizan términos como, excitación, energía, intensidad y/o activación.
La motivación se confunde con otros conceptos psicológicos e incluso existe cierta ignorancia de su significado real y sus implicancias. Uno de los conceptos erróneos más comunes que suele darse en el ámbito deportivo, consiste en relacionarla con la activación emocional. Con esta confusión, los entrenadores creen que antes de la competición deben utilizar técnicas en los vestuarios que aumenten al máximo los niveles de activación de sus deportistas. De este modo algunos entrenadores utilizan técnicas punitivas tales como: gritos, insultos, e incluso golpes, porque consideran que cuanto más activados emocionalmente se encuentran sus pupilos, la motivación para rendir al máximo será mayor. Es necesario aclarar que motivación y activación son diferentes e independientes entre sí.
Otra práctica común de entrenamiento, es aquella encaminada a crear en los deportistas expectativas poco realistas sobre sus posibilidades en la competición. La famosa frase “vos podes”, encierra un alto riesgo en sí misma puesto que si el deportista no ve que se cumplen las expectativas previstas, puede sufrir un efecto “boomerang”, que disminuirá la motivación, afectando la confianza en su entrenador.
Hay muchas personas que consideran a la motivación como un rasgo estable de personalidad, y por lo tanto inmutable en el tiempo; lo cierto es un proceso individual muy complejo en el que inciden muchas variables interactuando entre sí y que puede ser utilizado para explicar el comportamiento de las personas cuando realizan deporte o actividad física.
En el deporte, la motivación es el producto de un conjunto de variables sociales, ambientales e individuales que determinan la elección de una actividad física o deportiva, la intensidad en la práctica de esa actividad, la persistencia en la tarea y en último término el rendimiento.
Translation - English MOTIVATION
Why does behavior occur? The action, or behavior, does not occur spontaneously, since they are induced, either by internal reasons or environmental incentives. The study of behavior motivation is the study of “why” something is done (motive = reason for doing something).
According to Littman (1958):
"Motivation refers to the process or condition which may be physiological or psychological, innate or acquired, internal or external to the body, which determines or describes why, or what is started, selected or ended. This phenomenon also refers to the state by which certain behavior often is achieved or desired: it also refers to the fact that an individual will learn, remember or forget certain material in accordance with the importance and the meaning that the subject gives to such situation'.
Motivation is a central theme in any sphere of human activity, whether in a business, in academic life or in sport, performance and good results usually tend to be associated with the level of motivation that people manifest. Motivation involves movement or activation, so much so that terms such as excitement, energy, intensity, or activation are used to describe a highly motivated state.
Motivation is confused with other psychological concepts and there is even some degree of ignorance regarding its actual meaning and its implications. One of the most common misconceptions that usually occur in the sports environment is to relate motivation to emotional activation. Within this confused misconception, coaches believe that they must use techniques in the locker room that will increase the maximum levels of activation of their athletes before the competition. In this way, some coaches use punitive techniques such as: shouting, insults and even punches, because they consider that the more emotionally activated their pupils are, the higher the motivation to achieve their highest performance. It is important to clarify that motivation and activation are different and independent from one another.
Another common practice for training is one that is designed to create unrealistic expectations from athletes about their chances in the competition. The famous phrase "you can do it", contains a high risk in itself since if the athlete does not see the planned expectations to be met, they can suffer from a "boomerang effect", which will decrease motivation, affecting confidence in his coach as well.
Many people consider motivation as a stable personality feature, and therefore an immutable trait in time. It is a very complex, individual process which is influenced by many variables interacting among themselves and which can be used to explain the behavior of people when they participate in a sport or physical activity.
In sport, motivation is the product of a set of individual, environmental, and social variables that determine the selection of a physical or sporting activity, the intensity used in the practice of this activity, the persistence in the task and, ultimately, performance.
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I am a professional Certified Public Translator (Spanish<>English), graduated from the Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina (UCA), with more than 25-year experience in public and non-public translations.
I have been registered with the Association of Public Translators of the City of Buenos Aires since 1993.
I have extensive experience in all types of projects related to advertising, business, economy, education, law, literature, personal documents, sports, technology,
Keywords: Spanish<> English certified translations, legal and personal documents, technology, marketing, medicine, education, economy, finance.
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