Just guesses as to what they stand for, but there are similar abbreviations in the US.
TDA - tienda
OP - operario
TE - (not sure about this one)
TR - transferencia or transacción

In English they are:
ST - Store
OP - Operator
TE - (not sure)
TR - Transaction

Again, these are just guesses as to what they stand for. Here is a link to a US Walmart receipt that shows the abbreviations in English:

http://greg.fultz.com/walmart/old.html

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Note added at 32 mins (2010-02-11 20:59:09 GMT)
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TE - Register Number

Walmart assigns a transaction number to your product and plan purchase when your purchase is made at a Walmart store. The transaction number is a string of numbers based on the Store Number (ST#), Register Number (TE#), and Transaction Number (TR#). These numbers together gives you a unique identification number we refer to as the transaction number.
https://www.productassist.com/walmart/LRP/siteFAQsFromLogin....


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Note added at 37 mins (2010-02-11 21:04:50 GMT)
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I'm an Associate at a Wal-Mart in NC. I've done some door greeting, and there's a notebook we have to fill in information to. The checking of your receipt isn't to PROVE you paid for your merchandise, OP. On the receipt, there's a Transaction number (abbreviated TR#), the cashier who conducted the transaction (their operator numbers are after the abbreviation OP#), which register it came from (TE#), and the store number (ST#).
http://www.ripoffreport.com/department-outlet-stores/walmart...