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English to Portuguese: Lesion network localization of criminal behavior General field: Medical
Source text - English "Cases like that of Charles Whitman, who murdered 16 people after growth of a brain tumor, have sparked debate about why some brain lesions, but not others, might lead to criminal behavior. Here we systematically characterize such lesions and compare them with lesions that cause other symptoms. We find that lesions in multiple different brain areas are associated with criminal behavior. However, these lesions all fall within a unique functionally connected brain network involved in moral decision making. Furthermore, connectivity to competing brain networks predicts the abnormal moral decisions observed in these patients. These results provide insight into why some brain lesions, but not others, might predispose to criminal behavior, with potential neuroscience, medical, and legal implications.
Keywords: morality, functional connectivity, criminality, sociopathy, lesion
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ABSTRACT
Following brain lesions, previously normal patients sometimes exhibit criminal behavior. Although rare, these cases can lend unique insight into the neurobiological substrate of criminality. Here we present a systematic mapping of lesions with known temporal association to criminal behavior, identifying 17 lesion cases. The lesion sites were spatially heterogeneous, including the medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and different locations within the bilateral temporal lobes. No single brain region was damaged in all cases." (Text abridged)
Translation - Portuguese Casos como o de Charles Whitman, que assassinou 16 pessoas após o crescimento de um tumor, gerou debate sobre o motivo de algumas lesões cerebrais, mas não outras, poderem levar ao comportamento criminoso. Neste estudo, caracterizaremos sistematicamente tais lesões e as compararemos com lesões que causam outros sintomas. Encontramos que, lesões em partes distintas do cérebro estão associadas ao comportamento criminoso. Entretanto, todas essas lesões caem em uma única função conectada à rede cerebral envolvida em decisões morais. Ademais, a competição de conectividade entre as redes cerebrais, observadas nesses pacientes, prevê decisões morais anormais. Esses resultados fornecem clareza sobre o motivo ao qual algumas lesões cerebrais, mas não outras, poderiam ter uma predisposição ao comportamento criminoso, com possíveis implicações neurocientíficas, médicas e jurídicas.
Unitermos: moralidade, conectividade funcional, criminalidade, sociopatia, lesão
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RESUMO
Após lesões cerebrais, pacientes anteriormente normais, às vezes exibem comportamento criminoso. Ainda que raros, esses casos podem levar a uma descoberta única dentro do substrato neurobiológico da criminalidade. Aqui, apresentamos um mapeamento sistemático de lesões com associações temporárias conhecidas ligadas ao comportamento criminoso, identificando 17 casos de lesões. As zonas lesionadas foram em locais heterogêneos, incluindo o córtex pré-frontal ventromedial, córtex orbitofrontal e diferente locais dentro dos lobos temporais bilaterais. Em todos os casos, nenhuma região cerebral foi prejudicada. (Extrato)
Spanish to Portuguese: 50 datos increíbles sobre España por J.G. Gamón General field: Other Detailed field: Tourism & Travel
Source text - Spanish Es ya el momento de conocer un poco mejor España. Pero no vamos a obligarte a estudiar. No. En un sencillo pero muy completo recorrido por 50 datos muy interesantes sobre este país, su geografía, gente, historia, lengua y más.
Y si quieres saber más o planear tu viaje a España, puedes mirar nuestros artículos de turismo:
Translation - Portuguese Já é o momento de conhecer melhor a Espanha. Mas não vamos te obrigar a estudar, não. É uma simples e completa passagem de 50 dados muito interessantes sobre este país,sua geografia,gente,história, língua e muito mais.
E se você quiser saber mais ou planejar sua viagem à Espanha,veja nossos artigos sobre turismo:
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