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English to Portuguese: Farthingales General field: Other Detailed field: Textiles / Clothing / Fashion
Source text - English Farthingales
Farthingales, notorious for being the most unwieldy and cumbersome fashion in history, first made their appearance in fifteenth-century Spain, when the ladies of the court began to sweep all before them by using hoops of rope, reeds or willow to stiffen their voluminous skirts. Soon this ‘simple’ stiffening of the gown was abandoned in favour of hoops of wire, wood or whalebone, used to lift and spread the skirts and ensure the wearer acquired the formal rigidity that was the fashion of the day.
Spanish Farthingale
It was in Tudor England, however, that the farthingale was to undergo its most extravagant transformation. Queen Elizabeth I had sent Philip II of Spain packing when he proposed marriage, but she remained deeply enamoured of the Spanish farthingale, adapting it over the years to her own purposes. By the end of her reign this extraordinary fashion had become a potent symbol of royal power and opulence.
Wheel Farthingale
It was the wheel farthingale of the 1580s that gave Queen Elizabeth the opportunity to stretch her glittering gowns to their furthest extreme.
Exclusively a style worn by the ladies of the court, the wheel farthingale was a huge frame, literally the size of a cartwheel, made of materials ranging from horsehair and rope to wire and whalebone. Over the hoop went layers of petticoats and, finally, the heavily embroidered skirt, which was gored to slope stiffly outwards, then drop vertically down to the floor to produce a tub-like shape.
The skirt parted to reveal the petticoat underneath, while a cushion at the back gave it a forward tilt which made the torso seem longer and the legs shorter. Any attempts at intimacy by an admirer must have been severely impeded by the fact that the object of his affection was standing in the centre of a wheel!
Translation - Portuguese Averdugadas
As averdugadas, famosas como a moda mais desajeitada e incômoda da história, apareceram pela primeira vez na Espanha do século 15, quando as damas da corte começaram a armar suas volumosas saias com cordas e varas verdes (verdugos) de junco ou salgueiro. Logo essa “simples” técnica de estruturação da roupa foi substituída por aros feitos de arame, madeira ou barbatana de baleia, para levantar e abrir as saias e assegurar a quem as vestia a rigidez formal que era moda naquela época.
Averdugada espanhola
Entretanto, foi na era Tudor que a averdugada passaria pela transformação mais extravagante. Elisabete I mandou Filipe II de volta para a Espanha quando ele a pediu em casamento, mas continuou profundamente apaixonada pela averdugada espanhola, adaptando-a ao longo dos anos. Ao fim do seu reinado, essa moda, que ficou conhecida como farthingale em inglês, tinha se tornado um potente símbolo do poder e opulência reais.
Averdugada francesa
Foi a averdugada francesa dos anos 1580, conhecida come wheel (roda, em inglês) farthingale, que permitiu à rainha Elisabete levar seus reluzentes vestidos aos maiores extremos. Estilo usado exclusivamente pelas dama da corte, tinha uma estrutura enorme, literalmente do tamanho de uma roda de carroça, feita de materiais que iam de crina e corda a arame e barbatana. Por cima do aro vinham camadas de saiotes e, finalmente, a saia ricamente bordada que se estendia para as laterais na altura do quadril e depois caía verticalmente em direção ao chão, criando a forma de um tonel. A saia se abria para revelar a anágua por abaixo e uma almofada na parte posterior a inclinava para a frente, o que fazia o tronco parecer mais longo e as pernas mais curtas. Quaisquer tentativas de intimidade por parte de um admirador eram impossibilitadas pelo fato de o objeto de desejo encontrar-se no centro de uma roda!
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Translation education
Bachelor's degree - Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3
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Years of experience: 21. Registered at ProZ.com: Nov 2008.
Across, Adobe Photoshop, Fusion, Microsoft Office Pro, Microsoft Word, OmegaT, Anaphraseus, Anaphraseus (cat-tool), Powerpoint, QuarkXPress
Bio
I am a translator and interpreter (EN-PT, FR-PT) with extensive knowledge in many areas, arts mainly, including gastronomy, fashion and music. I am an interpreter by PUC-SP (2015), course recognized by AIIC, I graduated in litterature and translation by Sorbonne-Nouvelle / Paris 3 (2010) and I studied arts, language and social sciences in École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (2012). My first graduation was in journalism by Cásper Líbero (2005).
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