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Chinese to English - Standard rate: 0.07 USD per character / 25 USD per hour English to Chinese - Standard rate: 0.07 USD per word / 25 USD per hour
Source text - Chinese 液力偶合器是一种应用很广的基本元件，安置于动力机与工作机之间，传递两者动力。液力偶合器被动力机带动运转时，存在于腔体内的工作液体受泵轮带动，即随泵轮做圆周运动，又对泵轮做相对运动，液体质点相对于叶轮的运动状态由叶轮和叶片形状所决定，由于叶片为径向直叶片，按照叶片数目无穷多，厚度无限薄的假设，液体质点只能沿着叶轮表面与工作腔外环表面所形成的流道内流动，由于旋转运动的离心力作用，液体质点从泵轮半径较小流道口处被加速并被抛到较大流道口处，即泵轮从动力机吸收的机械能被转化成液体能，在泵轮出口处，液流以较高的速度和压强冲向涡轮叶片，并沿着叶片表面与外环表面所组成的流道做向心流动，液流对涡轮叶片的冲击减小了它的速度和压强，使液体质点的动量矩不断减小，释放的液体能推动涡轮（及工作机）旋转做功（涡轮将液体能转化成机械能）当液体能释放减小后，由涡轮流出而进入泵轮，再开始下一个能量转化的循环流动，如此不断循环。
Translation - English Limit Rectangle Fluid Coupling is a kind of widely used basic element, and is installed between the electromotor and working machine to transfer the driving power. When Limit Rectangle Fluid Coupling is driven by electromotor, liquid within the cavity is driven by the impeller to make circle movement; at the meantime it also makes relative movement toward the impeller. The liquid’s material point is decided upon the working status of impeller as well as the shape of impeller and its vane. Since the vane is radial straight vane, if we just assume that the vane is innumerable and immeasurably thin, the material point of the liquid can only move within the flow channel formed by impellor surface and the outer circle surface of the cavity. For the action of relative centrifugal force, the liquid material point is speed up at the smaller channel entrance of the impeller radius, and is thrown to the bigger channel entrance, i.e. the mechanical energy got from the electromotor is transformed into liquid energy. At the exit of impeller, the liquid flow rushes to turbine vane with high speed and pressure, and makes center-directed movement within the flow channel formed by impellor surface and the outer circle surface of the cavity. The impact upon the turbine vane reduced the speed and pressure of the flow, which makes the momentum moment constantly reduce, and the given out liquid energy pushes the turbine (and working machine) to go round and work (turbine transforms liquid energy to mechanical energy), when liquid energy is given out and thus reduced, it flows out of the turbine and enters impeller to start another circulation of energy transfer, and this process is repeated endlessly.
Chinese to English: 机械专利
Source text - Chinese 本发明公开了一种中子反应堆堆芯屏蔽组件。该组件由头部、中间部分和尾部三部分组成。头部由操作头、上过渡接头组成，操作头与组件装卸设备相吻合并设有钠的排出孔；上过渡接头外侧设有定位块以保证组件之间的径向定位，上过渡接头焊接到六角套管的上端面上。中间部分由六角套管和置于套管中的屏蔽体组成。尾部由下过渡接头及管脚等组成，下过渡接头焊接到六角套管的下端面上，管脚设有钠的进入孔。本发明所使用高密度热压碳化硼芯块，保证它在开裂后不逸出棒外，同时吸收体棒采用通气式的上端塞，将B-10(n，α)反应产生的氦气引出棒外，技术方案不仅实用，而且有效地解决了吸收体棒包壳的承压问题。
Translation - English The present invention discloses a neutron reactor core shielding component, which is composed of three parts of head, middle and tail. The head part includes operation head as well as the upper transition joint with the operation head matching with the component handling equipment and a sodium discharge hole left on the head; the upper transition joint is welded to the top surface of the casing with a positioning block installed on the outside of the joint, thereby ensuring the radical positioning between components. The middle part is composed of the casing as well as the shield placed in it. While, the tail part is composed of lower transition joint and the pin, with the lower transition joint welded to the bottom surface of the casing, and a pin hole is left to allow the sodium in. The high-density hot-pressed boron carbide core block used in the present invention does not escape after cracking, meanwhile, the ventilated upper end cap of absorbing rod can help extract helium produced from B-10 (n, α) reaction out of the rod. This technique scheme is not only practical, but has also solved the pressure-bearing problem of cladding of the absorbing rod effectively.
English to Chinese: 2007中国旅游和景点高峰论坛上的演讲稿
Source text - English Getting Wet - Developments in water attractions in China. Water Parks offer visitors the opportunity to involve the entire family in thrilling and fun activities in both indoor and outdoor rides. This session will explore the newest developments in wet rides and aquatic activities.
Dear delegates, speakers, and organizers of the 2007 China Tourism & Attractions Summit,
It is a real honor and a big pleasure for me to be present today as a speaker of this year’s Summit, the only strictly professional event directly related with the leisure industry in China.
When I was first approached and proposed to actively participate in the event, I was thrilled. I also thought that the chosen topic (Getting Wet - Developments in water attractions in China. Water Parks offer visitors the opportunity to involve the entire family in thrilling and fun activities in both indoor and outdoor rides.) was a very appropriate topic to discuss while we are all gathered here in this session. Actually, I must say that the key sentence in the topic as well as the overall key to always take into account while designing or building a successful waterpark is: “… to involve the entire family …” This is key in waterparks all over the world and more so here in the mainland, where family value still remains very strong and outweighs all others.
However, before we go further into the subject, I would like to give you a very brief introduction about ACTION PARK. That way, you are all more familiar about our background and what we do.
ACTION PARK is part of a group of Spanish companies dedicated to the conception of leisure installations for over 30 years. We started in 1972 as a manufacturer of fibre-glass pools. In the 80s we started with Europe's first waterparks in the Mediterranean coast, and developed other services and products related to the industry. Now we offer design, architecture, engineering and personnel training on one side; and slides, games, hydraulic systems, decoration on the other.
Our mission is to provide customers with complete solutions which ensure maximum safety, profitability and fun in their installations.
With a China Representative Office in Guangzhou since November 2004 that was moved to Beijing two years later (November 2006). Our reference list includes more than 200 installations in 28 countries around the world, which makes us Europe's main waterpark supplier. Furthermore, our specialization in creation, development and realisation of water leisure projects has turned us into a world-wide industry leader.
Having said that and since my topic is focused on China, I would like to remind you that the big waterpark boom here in China occurred in the mid to late 80’s. At that time, raw outdoor waterparks (in the form of pools and slides) eroded in all major cities. Unfortunately, the vast majority were built with very little study of the current market situation at that time and most of them had to close down just a few years if not a few months after opening. In most cases there were no feasibility studies whatsoever that supported their designs. In any case, we believe that the market was still not matured enough for such type of operations. The demand was not quite there yet. Due to that, the decade of the 90’s was somehow stagnant as far as waterpark construction was concerned. However, from the year 2000 onwards and also directly related with the constant sustained growth of the China economy year after year, there has been a tangible turnaround in the demand of leisure alternatives and that has obviously positively affected the segment of waterparks which are steadily growing.
Although theming of waterparks has already been a trend in foreign countries for quite some time and thus it is a well spread practice, theming in China is still a very new concept. In the recent years, especially in the North of China, we have perceived an increase in demand for indoor waterparks. Due to the reduced spaces and its proximity to the end-user, it is in this type of ventures that the quality of theming must be of the highest standards; more so, in indoor waterparks. However, the level of theming in those indoor operations is still very limited and of very poor quality.
Today’s themed waterparks must be thought for the entire family with adequate design and a well balanced distribution of spaces so that EVERYONE in the family can enjoy the experience. Therefore, today’s waterparks must have an area for the youngest ones (the Kiddies Pool, about 20 cm height, just for splashing!), a Children’s Pool with mini slides and an interactive water castle and/or a Splash Bucket. It is also very important to have a wide variety of slides so that it caters to all ages. From the steep Kamikazes and high adrenaline rides for teenagers and adults to the more calmed double raft tubes (black hole) for the use of both father and son combined. Lazy rivers and wave pools with beach finishing are also very fun since both adults and children can interact and play with each other at shallower areas.
One of the newest developments and probably one of the most successful activities in the Children’s Pool is the Splash Bucket. A huge bucket that is progressively filling up with water and that once it is full, the bucket tumbles upside down as splashes all its water against a roof.
Other new developments in the wet ride category come in the form of massive structures of fibre glass. All of these rides are ideal to be used as icons of a new waterpark, for future phases or to refresh the image of an existing waterpark. They are normally used in double raft tubes. In this modality, we have the Crest, the Sidewinder and the Bowl.
Another innovative ride would be the FlowRider. It is a small pool with an static wave so that the people can surf. It is mostly used for competitions, promotion events and so on. It is patented and manufactured by WaveLoch, an American company. Since it is something quite novice it is still not very widely spread. The only FlawRider installed in China is at OCT Happy Valley Playa Maya Waterpark in Shenzhen. I have seen a couple of imitations engineered and manufactured locally but I have never seen them in use. At last week’s Asia IAAPA Exhibition in Bangkok, I was told that the FlowRider has been a big hit in South Korea and Japan.
Other new additions in waterparks are horizontal climbing walls, normally placed at the front wall of the wave pools. In China, it is very common to have a relaxing area strictly for food massage.
To sum this up, I would like to present you with two different Case Studies, two of the latest projects that we have been working on. Both are indoor themed waterparks and are located in the Beijing area. The [H2O]3 (Watercube) at the National Swimming Center, site of the 2008 Swimming & Diving Olympics and the Berjaya Great Mall of China project.
I hope that you have found this presentation as informative as I intended it to be. I will be glad to reply to any queries that may arise now or I will be available during the Summit at any time for private consultations. Please do not hesitate to approach me as I will be glad to assist you. Thank you for your attention!
Translation - Chinese Getting Wet－中国水上景观的发展。水上乐园可以为游客提供全家尽享惊险有趣的室内外水上活动的机会。本次会议就将着重探讨水上游乐设施以及水上活动的最新发展。
Source text - Chinese 摘要：
对于任何一个组织，无论是企业、学校，还是政府、社会团体，领导者的作用都是至关重要的。组织的成功与失败，很大程度上取决于领导者的作用。那么，怎样才能产生好的领导者?芽成为一个卓越领导者的要素是什么?芽这些问题多年来一直是人们关心的问题，也由此产生了许多理论。其中有名的理论之一是特质论(traitstheory)。
a
传统的特质理论认为，领导者具有某些固有的特质。这些特质是人与生俱来的，只有先天具备这些特质的人才可能成为领导者。这种观点的渊源可追溯到古希腊，例如亚里士多德便认为，所有的人从出生之日起就已注定了其治人或治于人的命运。然而，用现代的研究方法探讨这一问题，特质论的研究并不乐观，因为找不到一组独特的成功领导者的特质可以作为鉴定领导者和非领导者的标准。现代研究表明，领导是一个动态的过程，是一种发展变化的行为过程。领导者的特性和品质并非与生俱来的，而是在具体实践中逐渐形成的，是可以训练和培养造就的。但是，尽管如此，由于领导者对组织的重要作用，人们还是不间断地探讨研究这个问题。下面列举国内外对这个问题的一些研究成果。基伯（Ｃ•Ａ•Ｇｉｂｂ） １９５４年和１９６９年发表的研究报告指出，天才的领导者应具有７种先天特性：善于言辞、外表英俊潇洒、智慧过人、自信、心理健康、有支配欲、外向且敏感。齐赛利（Ｅ•Ｅ•Ｃｈｉｓｅｌｌｉ）１９７１年所著的《管理才能探索》一书，提出有效的领导者应具有８种个性品质：语言才能、首创精神、督导能力、较高的自我评价、与员工关系密切、决断能力、兼备男性——女性优势、高度成熟。斯托格蒂尔（Ｒ•Ｍ•Ｓｔｏｇｄｉｌｌ）１９７４年提出领导者的个性特质应包括１６个方面：有良心、可靠、勇敢、责任心强、有胆略、力求革新进步、直率、自律、有理想、善处人际关系、风度优雅、乐观、身体健壮、智力过人、有组织能力、有判断力。美国企业界提出企业家应具备十大条件：合作精神、决策能力、组织能力、擅长控制和分配权力、善于应变、勇于负责、敢于求新、敢担风险、尊重他人、品德良好。我国近年也开始进行对企业家素质的研究，例如，一项题为《企业创新发展与经营管理者素质建设》的研究报告认为在诸多的企业家特质中，社会适应性是起到重要作用的特质。在我国，一大批成功的企业家，不是因为其具有高学历或高技术，而是因为其具有较好的社会适应性，包括诸如较好的社会洞察力、善处人际关系、对专业知识和管理知识较好的理解能力、在顺境和逆境中都能有较高抱负的意志力和确立奋斗目标时表现出的较好的变通性。
Translation - English Abstract:
The role of leadership is crucial for any organization, no matter it is enterprise, educational institution, government, or social organization. The function of leadership, to a great extent, decides the success or failure of an organization. Well, then how to cultivate a good leader? What are the key elements of becoming an outstanding leader? These issues have been concerned about over so many years, and also a great number of theories have hence been produced. Traitstheory is just one among these famous theories.
The traditional traitstheory holds the view that leaders are born with certain crucial inherent quality that makes a leader. This view can be traced back to ancient Greece, for example, Aristotle believed that whether a person is a ruler or the ruled, his fate had been foredoomed since the moment he was born. However, it is not so optimistic to discuss this issue with modern study method, for not being able to find a group of unique traits of successful leader as the criteria to identify leaders or non-leaders. Modern research shows that course of leading is a dynamic process and an ever changing and developing conducting behavior. The quality and traits of a leader are not born with, yet gradually evolved during course of practice, thus can be trained or cultivated. Nevertheless, as leaders play an important role in an organization, people still keep on exploring this issue incessantly. Some study results both at home and abroad on this issue are listed as below. The research report published by C.A.Gibb in 1954 and 1969 indicated that a talented leader shall be equipped with 7 inborn traits: They are eloquence, pretty looks, wisdom, self-confidence, sound mentality, will to control, outgoing personality and sensitivity. In the book “Explorations in Managerial Talent” written by E.E.Chiselli in 1971, it is pointed out that an effective leader shall possess the following 8 characteristics: they are language talent, creative spirit, steering capability, high self-evaluation, close relationship with the staff, great resolution, superiority of both male and female, and ripe experience. The personality of leaders brought forward by R.M.Stogdill in 1974 includes 16 aspects: clear conscience, reliability, braveness, strong sense of responsibility, courage, will to strive for progress in reform, frankness, self-discipline, ideal, the best of interpersonal relationship, elegance, optimistic attitude, physical fitness, intellectual gift, organizing capacity and outstanding judgment. Meanwhile, the 10 qualifications required by business entrepreneurs in the United States are: cooperation spirit, decision-making ability, organizing capacity, good control and distribution of power, adaptability, responsibility, boldness to perform innovation and take risks, respect for others, as well as good moral character. In recent years, our country has also started to carry out studies over the quality of entrepreneurs, for example, one study report entitled "Innovation and Development of Enterprise and the Quality Construction of Business Managers" considers that social adaptability plays an important role among all many characteristics of entrepreneurs. In our country, a large number of entrepreneurs’ success is not due to their favorable educational background or master of high-tech, yet because of their excellent social adaptability, including such as sensitive social insight, excellent interpersonal relationship, good comprehension of both expertise knowledge and management skills, willpower that ensures aspiration in both good and bad times, as well as flexibility exhibited during establishment of an object.
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I’m a native Chinese speaker, and have been engaged in translation and proofreading job for over 6 years. My fields of expertise cover: management, human resource, patent, industrial engineering, business, as well as ecology and environment.
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