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Croatian to English - Rates: 0.09 - 0.12 USD per word / 29 - 38 USD per hour English to Croatian - Rates: 0.09 - 0.12 USD per word / 29 - 38 USD per hour Bosnian to English - Rates: 0.09 - 0.12 USD per word / 29 - 38 USD per hour Serbian to English - Rates: 0.09 - 0.12 USD per word / 29 - 38 USD per hour
Croatian to English: Translation of Biochemical test results General field: Medical Detailed field: Medical (general)
Source text - Croatian The source txt was a scanned fax sent to me in PDF format. If you wish to see the original, please e-mail me and I'll send it to you.
Translation - English 1
Aug. 26 2010 08:47AM P4
Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb
Clinical Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics of the Medical Faculty of Zagreb University,
Reference Centre to the Ministry of Health and Social Care
for Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics,
12 Kišpatićeva (Street), 10000 Zagreb (Croatia)
Phone: 385 1 2367 289; www.kbc-zagreb.hr
Principal: prof. dr.sc. Jadranka Sertić (Professor, Ph.D.)
Clinic/Department Laboratory number: 17346
Doctor: - Identification number:
Date and Time ??:17 Date of Birth: 1960
Sex: M
Name:
Institute for General and Urgent Laboratory Diagnostics
Test Results Issue Date: January 21, 2010 14:25 (2:25 p.m.)
Made by:
Person Responsible:
(Original document footnote:) Page 1 of 1
Aug. 26 9:33
English to Croatian: Vehicle and Driver Safety General field: Law/Patents Detailed field: Insurance
Source text - English The “At-Risk” definition and recovery process are not applicable to Designated Drivers (see Definitions). Nevertheless, if a designated driver has 2 accidents or major traffic violations or a combination of those in a 12-month period, he/she will be prohibited of driving any company owned, leased or rented vehicle.
A record will be kept for all Company Drivers. This record includes:
1A copy of a valid driver’s license, according to country requirements and type of vehicle,
2Policy sign off,
3Immediate supervisor/lead authorization,
4Trainings
5Commentary and Peer drives
The following items should also be part of the record, if associated with a company owned, leased or rented vehicle or with any other vehicle while on company business:
1Copy of tickets
2Incident investigation reports, when required,
3Police reports, when required,
4Incident reports
5Kilometers/Miles driven
A file by vehicle is also acceptable, since it correlates somehow to the driver, so the driver’s history is easily traceable.
Before hiring a driver or transportation company, some precautionary measures must be taken, to avoid exposing our employees to unnecessary risks:
• When taking a taxi, advise the driver of your expectations. Don’t feel ashamed,
• Don’t take any taxi that doesn’t present good operating conditions and that doesn’t have seatbelts,
• Before hiring a private driver, verify :
1Driver’s license – professional drivers are preferred,
2Vehicle documents (licenses, insurances and other required authorizations),
3Send the driver the “Tips and information for hired drivers” and checklist, available in the Vehicle Safety Tool Box, at the EMEA Vehicle Safety Team Site, and ask for formal agreement,
4Send a copy of the agreement to your DSC or VS Coordinator,
5
• When using the hired driver and vehicle:
6Review the vehicle conditions before the travel,
7Remind the driver of Monsanto requirements,
8Observe drivers attitude and behavior while driving. Don’t omit yourself if you think he’s making dangerous maneuvers,
9
• After the travel, fill in the “Hired driver evaluation checklist” available in the Vehicle Safety Tool Box, at the EMEA Vehicle Safety Team Site. Send this form to your DSC or VS Coordinator.
If the driver’s performance is below our minimum expectations, please share this information also with your colleagues and don’t hire him/her anymore.
A good program management depends on good metrics and information, to support effective analysis and decisions.
The following information shall then be provided monthly to the VS Steering Teams:
1Number of company drivers,
2Miles / kilometers driven,
3Accidents / incidents reported,
4Accidents per Million Miles (APMM) and Incidents per Million Miles (IPMM),
5Accidents and Incidents by type ,
6Number of major traffic violations and offenses,
7Number of “At Risk” drivers, as total and as percentage,
8Number/Percentage of overdue trainings
This information should be detailed as follows:
1Monthly,
2FYTD,
3Overall region,
4By country,
5By business and function,
As additional information, the report should include:
1Description and investigation results of accidents resulting in major property damage and/or injuries to the driver or third-parties,
2Results of audits,
3Other relevant information, such as seat-belt checks, campaigns, local initiatives, etc.,
4List of DSC’s and VS Coordinators.
The Vehicle Safety Steering Team shall me at least quarterly to thoroughly review the program results, its effectiveness and deliberate on improvement actions, but once a year also discuss program goals and objectives.
Quarterly reviews
The team should discuss the following inputs to assess the effectiveness of the program or particular initiatives:
1Program statistics and KPI’s,
2Progress towards goals,
3Results of specific campaigns or initiatives
4Opportunities for improvement suggested by the VS Coordinators and DSC’s,
5Recommendations for recognitions and awards,
The expected outputs from the quarterly reviews are:
1Action plans to address specific issues,
2Definition and approval for new campaigns or initiatives on a regional basis,
3Urgent changes to the VS Program structure, teams and policy, if required,
4Recognitions and awards.
The same information typically discussed during a quarterly review will also be reviewed during the last meeting of each Fiscal Year, but with a different approach.
During the annual review of the program, the team shall also discuss:
1Achievement of goals and the barriers for such accomplishment, if so,
2Adequacy of program structure, teams and policy,
3Availability and use of resources
4Direction, goals and objectives of the program for the following Fiscal Year.
Every country or group of countries under a VS Coordinator must audit the program once a year. The audit should follow the specific procedure and checklist available in the Vehicle Safety Tool Box, at the EMEA Vehicle Safety Team Site.
The audits should be organized by the country/sub-region VS Coordinator and the VS Regional Coordinator.
The audit team should include at least one DSC and one Company Driver
Audit results will be shared with the VS Steering Team and the corrective actions should be followed by the VS Coordinator.
Translation - Croatian Dodatni ovlašteni vozači
Definicija “rizičnosti” i postupka uklanjanja oznake rizičnosti za određenog vozača ne odnose se na dodatnog ovlaštenog vozača (vidi pod Definicije). Međutim, ukoliko dodatni ovlašteni vozač ima dva udesa ili veća prometna prekršaja ili njihovu kombinaciju u periodu od 12 mjeseci, bit će mu/joj zabranjeno voziti bilo koje vozilo u vlasništvu tvrtke, kao i ono koja tvrtka uzme na leasing ili unajmi.
Prije nego se unajmi vozač ili transportno poduzeće, moraju se poduzeti određene mjere predostrožnosti, kako se zaposlenici ne bi izlagali nepotrebnim rizicima:
Kada uzimate taxi, nemojte se sramiti obavijestiti vozača o svojim očekivanjima.
Nemojte nikada uzeti taxi koji ne izgleda kao da je u dobrom radnom stanju i koji nema sigurnosne pojaseve.
Prije nego što unajmite privatnog vozača, provjerite:
Vozačku dozvolu (preferiraju se profesionalni vozači);
Dokumentaciju vozila (dozvole, osiguranje i ostala potrebna odobrenja);
Pošaljite vozaču unaprijed dokument “Savjeti i informacije za unajmljene vozače” i kontrolnu listu koju možete naći u Kompletu materijala za sigurnost vozila na web siteu Tima za sigurnost vozila za zemalja EMEA;
Pošaljite kopiju sporazuma s vozačem svojem koordinatoru sigurnosti vozača ili koordinatoru sigurnosti vozila.
Kada koristite unajmljenog vozača i unajmljeno vozilo:
Pregledajte u kojem je stanju vozilo prije nego krenete na put;
Podsjetite vozača na zahtjeve Monsanta;
Promatrajte vozačev stav i ponašanje za vrijeme vožnje. Nemojte prešutjeti ako smatrate da radi opasne manevre.
Nakon putovanja, ispunite Kontrolnu listu za ocjenjivanje unajmljenih vozača, koju ćete naći u Kompletu materijala za sigurnost vozila na web siteu Tima za sigurnost vozila za zemlje EMEA.
Pošaljite ispunjenu kontrolnu listu svojem koordinatoru sigurnosti vozača ili koordinatoru sigurnosti vozila.
Ako su vozačevo ponašanje ili vožnja ispod naših minimalnih očekivanja, molimo vas da svakako podijelite tu informaciju s kolegama i nemojte ga više unajmljivati.
Dobro upravljanje programom ovisi o kvaliteti ocjenjivanja i informiranja, kako bi se poduprlo učinkovito analiziranje i odlučivanje.
Sljedeće informacije trebaju se mjesečno slati timovima za upravljanje sigurnošću vozila:
Broj službenih vozača u poduzeću,
Prijeđena kilometraža,
Prijavljene saobraćajne nezgode i nesreće,
Broj saobraćajnih nezgoda po milionu prijeđenih kilometara i
Broj saobraćajnih nesreća po milionu prijeđenih kilometara
Saobraćajne nezgode i nesreće po tipu,
Broj većih prometnih prekršaja
Broj rizičnih vozača – iskazan kao ukupan broj i kao postotak,
Ukupan broj i postotak obuka koje su se trebale održati, a još uvijek nisu
Te bi informacije trebale biti vođene obako:
Mjesečno,
Rezultati ove fiskalne godine (do današnjeg datuma)
Ukupno za cijelu regiju,
Po zemljama,
Po poslu i funkciji
Kao dodatne informacije, izvješće bi trbalo sadržavati i:
Opis i rezultate istrage svih nezgoda koje su kao rezultat imale veće uništenje imovine i/ili povrede vozača ili trećih osoba,
Rezultate revizija,
Sve ostale bitne informacije, kao što su provjere sigurnosnih pojaseva, kampanje, lokalne inicijative i sl.
Listu koorinatora sigurnosti vozača i koordinatora sigurnosti vozila.
Tim za upravljanje sigurnošću vozila sastajat će se najmanje jednom u tromjesečju kako bi detaljno pregledao rezultate programa i njegovu učinkovitost te predložio koje akcije treba poduzeti kako bi se postigla poboljšanja, a također i jednom godišnje, kako bi prodiskutirao ciljeve i svrhu programa.
Kvartalno ocjenjivanje
Tim treba prodiskutirati sljedeće ulazne podatke kako bi procijenio učinkovitost cijelog programa i pojedinih inicijativa:
Statistike programa i glavne pokazatelje uspješnosti
Koliko se napredovalo na putu prema zadanim ciljevima,
Rezultate pojedinih kampanja ili inicijativa,
Prilike za poboljšanja koje su predložili koordinatori sigurnosti vozila i koordinatori sigurnosti vozača,
Preporuke za pohvale i nagrade.
Očekivani izlazni rezultati kvartalnih ocjenjivanja su:
Planovi akcije koji se tiču pojedinih problema,
Definicije i odobrenja za nove kampanje ili inicijative na regionalnoj osnovi,
Hitne promjene u strukturi programa sigurnosti vozila, timovima, polici, ukoliko je nešto od toga potrebno, te
Pohvale i nagrade.
English to Croatian: a part of a contract (the names of the parties erased) General field: Law/Patents Detailed field: Law: Contract(s)
Source text - English The original text was sent to me in PDF format. It is a contract and I don't think the client would appreciate me spreading it arround, but if you wish to see it to compare the accuracy of my translation, please contact me by e-mail.
Translation - Croatian Imena stranaka zamijenjena su s ---- i XY, yyyy, xxxx itd.
.......... (dio teksta prijevoda) ............
---- ovime solidarno jamči da ima valjano pravo na svoje interese u Projektu, bez ikakva zaloga, terećenja ili zaduženja, i da ima pravo prihvatiti, ispunjavati i izvršavati svoje obveze koje proizlaze iz ovog Sporazuma.
---- ovime solidarno jamči da valjano postoji i da je osnovan u skladu s njemačkim zakonima, te da je poduzeo sve potrebne radnje i pribavio sve potrebne dozvole i sve ostalo što je potrebno kako bi prihvatio, ispunjavao i izvršavao svoje obveze koje proizlaze iz ovog Sporazuma.
---- ovime solidarno jamči da nema nikakvih dugova ili bilo kakvih drugih dugovanja bankama, xxxxx, yyyyy, zzzz i/ili bilo kojoj trećoj stranci, osim kao što je očitovano u Aneksu 2 ovom Sporazumu. ---- ovime solidarno jamči da na ničemu od njegove imovine nema nikakvih zaloga, hipoteka ili drugih terećenja. U slučaju da se ispostavi da takvi zalozi, terećenja ili zaduženja postoje, ---- će XY u potpunosti obeštetiti bilo tako da dioničari ----a prenesu dodatne dionice xyza ili tako da dioničari ----a odluče obeštetiti XY u gotovini, i to tako da XYov udio u xyzu (plus obeštećenje u gotovini) ostane isti, nakon što se uzmu u obzir takvi zalozi, hipoteke i druga terećenja.
---- ovime solidarno jamči da Poduzeće nema nikakvih još ne riješenih tužbi protiv ----a niti ijednog njegovog poduzeća. Nadalje, ---- ne zna za nikakva potraživanja, bilo od sebe, bilo od bilo kojeg svojeg poduzeća, osim onih koje su očitovane u Aneksu 3 ovom Sporazumu. U slučaju da se ispostavi da takva potraživanja postoje, XY će se obeštetiti u potpunosti tako da ----ovi dioničari prenesu dodatne dionice xyza, ili tako da dioničari ----a odluče obeštetiti XY u gotovini, i to tako da XYov udio u xyzu (plus obeštećenje u gotovini) ostane isti, nakon što se uzmu u obzir takva potraživanja.
Članak xxx
XY ovime jamči da je poduzeo sve potrebne radnje i pribavio sve potrebne dozvole i sve ostalo što je potrebno kako bi prihvatio, ispunjavao i izvršavao svoje obveze koje proizlaze iz ovog Sporazuma.
XY ne pruža nikakva jamstva, bilo prešutno podrazumijevana ili druga, na krajnji uspjeh svojih financijskih inicijativa koje će poduzeti, niti na iznos sredstava koja će se pribaviti od novih ulagača kao rezultat takvih radnji, niti da će, kao posljedicu toga, bilo ----, bilo njegovi dioničari, imati ikakva prava na regres XYu vezan uz ranije spomenute radnje, osim onih vezanih uz jamstva dana ovim Sporazumom.
Članak xxx
Sve obavijesti koje se propisuju ili dozvoljavaju ovim sporazumom, moraju biti dane pismenim putem i poslane preporučeno s potvrdom ili putem žurne dostave ili dostavljene po službenom dostavljaču ili faxom, a kopije trebaju biti dostavljene i ostalim strankama na sljedeće adrese:
Za dioničare ----a: [ovdje napisati adresu broj faxa]
Za ----: [ovdje napisati adresu broj faxa]
Za XY: [ovdje napisati adresu broj faxa]
Za sve obavijesti smatrat će se da su primljene nakon sedam (sedam) dana od dana slanja, ukoliko nisu poslane faxom, u kojem slučaju će se smatrati da su primljene dan nakon što su poslane, s time da se u te rokove izričito ne računaju vikendi i državni praznici.
Sve dozvole i privole koje ovim dokumentom daje bilo koja od stranaka, moraju biti dane pismenim putem kako bi bile valjane; nikakve usmene dozvole ili privole neće biti obvezujuće niti za jednu stranku.
Članak xxxx
Ne dovodeći u pitanje prava i pravne lijekove inače dostupne strankama ovog Sporazuma, sve stranke će imati pravo tražiti odštetu za štetu koja proistekne iz povrede bilo koje obveze druge stranke prema ovom Sporazumu. Takva se potraživanja mogu zatražiti od bilo kojeg ili svih članova druge stranke.
Ukoliko bilo koja stranka propusti ostvariti ili zakasni s ostvarenjem svojih prava, ovlasti i privilegija koja ima po ovom Sporazumu, ili ostvari neko od njih samo pojedinačno ili djelomično, neće se smatrati da ih se time odrekla.
Svi aneksi ovom Sporazumu smatraju se sastavnim dijelom ovog Sporazuma.
Osim gdje kontekst zahtijeva drugačije, riječi koje označavaju jedninu, uključuju i množinu i obratno; riječi koje označavaju osobe, uključuju i poduzeća i korporacije i obratno.
Svjedočimo da su ovaj Sporazum i njegovi anekse potpisali ovlašteni predstavnici stranaka, na gore naveden dan i datum, u dva istovjetna primjerka, i da je po jedan primjerak dan svakoj od stranaka.
...
English to Croatian: a part of a translation for the Croatian issue of National Geographic General field: Other Detailed field: Tourism & Travel
Source text - English ...
He considered dropping out of school but decided
against it. He was in college now, and after years of education,
most based on Western thought and influenced by
Christianity, Dunga had grown. In his Western clothes and
sneakers, he appeared more like a highlander now, a member
of one of the ethnic groups that control the government.
His ideas had changed as well. He spoke the highlanders’
language and several others, assimilating the ideas embedded
within them. He’d begun learning about Western notions
of law and justice. He’d been raised in a culture where killing
was accepted, but now he lived in one that considered
it immoral. When he thought of becoming a man according
to Kara custom—enduring a long set of rituals—it was in the
gauzy way one daydreams of the future. He thought less and
less of revenge. Dunga knew he would always be a Kara,
but he no longer felt bound by the authority of the tribe.
The man they call king sits just inside the door of the
large, mud-walled hut on a white, plastic grain sack that
bears the fading seal of the U.S. Agency for International
Development. It is an unlikely throne, donated by a people
who do not know his highness exists and who certainly have
not heard of his power to control the elements, the animals,
even the reach of death. He taps snuff from a plastic bottle.
His hair, slick with butter and brilliant with crushed minerals,
is perfect.
“If there is a problem, with cattle, people, the land—I
resolve it,” the king says. He inhales the snuff. In his face is
a rare and complete confidence. “If there is a problem in my
kingdom,” he says, “the solution is me.”
From his hut high in the Buska Mountains, Wangala
Bankimaro rules some 30,000 members of the Hamar tribe.
The Hamar are mostly pastoralists, herding cattle and goats
across a broad bushland east of the Omo River. They also
work small fields of sorghum and corn. They are neighbors
and allies of the Kara. In an environment that is not forgiving,
the Hamar have managed to thrive, growing into one of
the region’s largest tribes. For this the Hamar thank the rain,
which feeds their cattle and crops. For rain they thank Wangala
Bankimaro.
Hamar women, their hair rolled into gleaming red-dyed
braids, tell me Wangala commands the respect of even
the Ethiopian government, which rules from a distant capital.
Hamar men, rifles looped over their shoulders, say Wanga-
la’s curse is feared more than bullets. Bullets can miss. The
curse guarantees death.
When I meet Wangala in his hut, he is just back from
a rain ceremony. It has been a success. Rain will come, he
says, shifting his weight on the grain sack. Brass coils wind
around his wrists. He wears a T-shirt, white shorts, and sandals
made from old tires.
I’ve never met a king before; I am not sure how to
behave. In the dim, smoky hut, one of the king’s wives boils
coffee over a hearth. I ask the king why, if he can summon
rain, he has not done it earlier to avoid the looming drought.
He looks at me with the expression of a man humoring his
guest.
“The people did not come to me,” he says. “They did
not make sacrifices to ask for rain.”
Rules. An error of protocol. Like straying into crocodile
territory.
Slowly, as the Ethiopian government has extended
its influence and its legal code into tribal life, federal officials
have worked to win Wangala’s support. When they need
him, they send a truck to pick him up—no small feat in this
distant, asphalt-free region. One government plan aims to
abolish what have been termed “harmful traditional practices.”
These include, ironically, the very things most tourists
come to see: the ritual whipping of women or the stick fights
or the cattle-jumping ceremony.
The list of targeted practices includes female circumcision
(which is not practiced by the Hamar but is common
throughout Ethiopia) and something called mingi killing.
Mingi is a kind of very bad luck. In southern Ethiopia many
tribes believe it is a bad omen if children are born deformed,
if their top teeth erupt before their bottom teeth, or if they are
born out of wedlock. Tradition dictates such children must be
killed before mingi spreads. I met a Kara woman who gave
birth to 12 children before she was able to be married; she
said she killed all of them. Parents do not necessarily want to
obey, but communal pressure is strong. Sometimes the child
is abandoned in the bush, its mouth filled with earth; sometimes
it is hurled into the river.
...
Translation - Croatian ...
Razmišljao je o tome da prekine školovanje, ali se ipak nije odlučio na to. Sada je već bio na fakultetu i, nakon toliko godina školovanja temeljenog većinom na zapadnjačkoj misli i pod utjecajem kršćanstva, Dunga se promijenio. U svojoj zapadnjačkoj odjeći i tenisicama, sada je izgledao kao osoba iz onih etiopskih krajeva iz kojih dolaze etničke grupe koje kontroliraju vladu. Njegove su se ideje također promijenile. Govorio je njihov jezik, kao i nekoliko drugih, usvojio njihove ideje. Počeo je učiti o zapadnjačkim idejama prava i pravde. Odrastao je u kulturi gdje se ubojstvo odobravalo, ali sada je živio u drugoj koja ga je smatrala nemoralnim. Kada bi pomislio na postajanje odraslim muškarcem prema starim običajima Kara – prolazeći dug niz rituala – sada bi mu se to činilo jednako zamagljenim kao sanjarenje o budućnosti. Sve je manje razmišljao o osveti. Dunga je znao da će uvijek ostati Kara, ali se više nije osjećao podložnim vlasti plemena.
Čovjek kojega zovu kraljem sjedi odmah iza vrata velike kolibe sa zidovima od blata, na bijeloj plastičnoj vreći za žitarice koja još uvijek nosi izblijedjeli znak Američke agencije za međunarodni razvoj. Neobično je to prijestolje, dar ljudi koji niti ne znaju da njegova visost postoji i koji sigurno nisu čuli o njegovoj moći kojom kontrolira elemente, životinje, pa čak i samu smrt. On tapka duhan za šmrkanje iz plastične boce. Njegova kosa, ulizana maslacem i sjajna od usitnjenih minerala, savršeno je počešljana.
«Ako postoji problem – sa stokom, ljudima, zemljom – ja ga rješavam,» kaže kralj. Ušmrkava duhan. Na njegovom se licu očitava rijetko i potpuno pouzdanje. «Postoji li problem u mojem kraljevstvu,» kaže, «ja sam rješenje.»
Iz njegove kolibe visoko u gorju Buska, Wangala Bankimaro vlada nad 30.000 članova plemena Hamar. Oni su uglavnom stočari, uzgajaju svoja goveda i koze po širokim šikarama istočno od rijeke Omo. Imaju i mala polja sirka i kukuruza. Oni su susjedi i saveznici Kara. U okružju koje ne prašta, Hamari su uspjeli napredovati i postupno postali jedno od najvećih plemena u regiji. Za to imaju zahvaliti kiši koja napaja njihovu stoku i usjeve. A za kišu oni zahvaljuju Wangali Bankimaru.
Hamarske žene, sa svojom kosom upletenom u sjajne, crveno obojene pletenice, kažu mi da Wangala uživa poštovanje čak i od same etiopske vlade koja vlada iz udaljenog glavnog grada. Hamarski muškarci, sa svojim puškama na ramenima, kažu da se svi boje Wangaline kletve više od metaka. Meci, naime, mogu promašiti. Kletva znači garantiranu smrt.
U trenutnu našeg susreta, Wangala se upravo bio vratio s obreda za kišu. Bio je to uspjeh. Doći će kiša, kaže, meškoljeći se na vreći za žito. Mesingane se zavojnice ovijaju oko njegovih zapešća. Odjeven je u majicu kratkih rukava, bijele kratke hlače i sandale načinjene od starih guma.
Nikada prije nisam još sreo kralja, nisam baš siguran kako se ponašati. U toj polumračnoj, zadimljenoj kolibi, jedna od kraljevih žena kuha kavu na ognjištu. Pitam kralja kako to da, pošto može prizvati kišu, nije to učinio ranije kako bi izbjegao sušu koja sada prijeti. On me promatra s izrazom osobe koja želi biti pristojna prema svome gostu.
«Ljudi nisu došli k meni,» kaže. «Nisu prinijeli žrtve kako bi zamolili kišu.»
Pravila. Nepoštivanje protokola. Isto kao zabrazditi u krokodilski teritorij.
Polako, kako je etiopska vlada širila svoj utjecaj i zakone na život plemena, tako su savezni službenici radili na tome da pridobiju Wangalinu podršku. Kada ga trebaju, pošalju kamion da ga pokupi – a to nije mala stvar u ovoj dalekoj regiji u kojoj nema asfalta. Jedan od vladinih planova je i nastojanje da se iskorijeni sve što nazivaju «štetnim tradicionalnim praksama.» Ironično – u to spadaju i one zbog kojih dolazi većina turista: ritualno bičevanje žena, borbe motkama ili obred skakanja po stoci. Popis običaja uključuje i obrezivanje žena (koje Hamari ne prakticiraju, ali je inače uobičajeno širom Etiopije) i nešto što zovu ubijanjem mingija. Mingi je jedna vrsta velike nesreće. U južnoj Etiopiji mnoga plemena vjeruju da je loš znak ako se dijete rodi deformirano, ako njegovi gornji zubići izbiju prije donjih ili ako je rođeno izvan braka. Tradicija nalaže da se takvo dijete ubije prije nego se mingi proširi. Sreo sam jednu ženu iz plemena Kara koja je rodila dvanaestero djece prije nego se mogla udati. Kaže da ih je sve pobila. Roditelji nisu uvijek spremni to učiniti, ali društveni pritisak je jak. Ponekad dijete ostave u šikari s ustima napunjenim zemljom, a katkad ga bace u rijeku.
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Croatian to English: Summary of Research Results on Public Opinion, for the European Commission General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: Social Science, Sociology, Ethics, etc.
Source text - Croatian Istraživanje javnoga mnijenja Standard Eurobarometra provodi se dva puta godišnje. Ovo, 71. po redu (EB 70), provodilo se od 12. lipnja do 8. srpnja 2009. u svih 27 država članica Europske unije, u dvjema zemljama kandidaticama koje pregovaraju o članstvu – Hrvatskoj i Turskoj - zatim u Bivšoj Jugoslavenskoj Republici Makedoniji, koja ima kandidatski položaj, ali joj nadnevak za početak pregovora još nije određen, te među pripadnicima turske ciparske zajednice. EB 71 je deseto istraživanje Standard Eurobarometra koje je obuhvatilo Hrvatsku, a odgovore je na terenu od 15. do 30. lipnja prikupljala agencija Puls.
Tijekom devet mjeseci između posljednjih dvaju istraživanja Standard Eurobarometra Češka je od Francuske preuzela predsjedanje Europskom unijom. Slovenija je nastavila blokirati hrvatske pristupne pregovore, pa nije otvoreno ni zatvoreno niti jedno pregovaračko poglavlje. Do završetka ovoga istraživanja blokirano je bilo sa strane Slovenije otvaranje devet, a zatvaranje četiriju poglavlja. Česi su tijekom svojega predsjedanja sazvali dvije Međuvladine pristupne konferencije, no, obje su, na zahtjev Slovenije, otkazali. Za otvaranje pregovora o poglavlju Tržišno natjecanje čekala se suglasnost Europske komisije na program privatizacije hrvatskih brodogradilišta, dok je poglavlje Pravosuđe i temeljne prava, za koje je Europska komisija utvrdila da je hrvatska strana ispunila postavljena mjerila, čekalo potvrdu Vijeća EU na punu suradnju hrvatske vlade s Međunarodnim kaznenim sudom za bivšu Jugoslaviju u Den Haagu. Tako su pregovori i dalje bili otvoreni u 22 a zatvoreni u sedam poglavlja.
Unutarnjopolitičko polje između posljednih dvaju Eurobarometrovih istraživanja obilježili su mjesni i područni izbori, te gospodarska kriza. Iako je Hrvatska, zahvaljujući politici Hrvatske narodne banke, uspješno izbjegla prelijevanje novčarske krize iz SAD-a i iz Europske unije, kriza stvarnoga gospodarstva ju je već u prvome tromjesečju 2009., kako zbog smanjenih narudžba za hrvatskim proizvodima iz inozemstva tako i zbog smanjene domaće potrošnje, snažno pogodila. Hrvatska vlada se, zbog izbora, dugo opirala priznati težinu krize, a do završetka ovoga istraživanja javnosti još nije bilo poznato kolika je praznina, zbog smanjenih poreznih prihoda a tek simbolično smanjene javne potrošnje, nastala u državnoj blagajni.
Klima mišljenja
Dok je zadovoljstvo životom u EU preokrenulo prethodni negativan trend, pa je poraslo za postotni bod u odnosu na lanjsku jesen, na 77 posto, u Hrvatskoj se ponovno ubrzao njegov pad, pa je sada zadovoljnih pet bodova manje (63%). U odnosu na lanjsko proljeće u EU je sada bod, a u Hrvatskoj čak 14 bodova manje ispitanika koji su zadovoljni svojim životom. Čak 14 postotna negativna razlika u zadovojstvu životom Hrvata, u odnosu na zadovoljstvo Europljana - dok je lanjskoga proljeća razlika iznosila smo tri posto - ukazuje kako na niži životni standard, tako i na nesiguran pogled Hrvata u kriznu budućnost. Naime, dok su u EU tijekom provedbe ovoga istraživanja proturecesijske mjere već ishodile prvim "zelenim izdancima", u Hrvatskoj. koju je novčarska kriza zaobišla ali ju je ošinula repom, krizom stvarnoga gospodarstva, vlada još nije bila počela provoditi nikakav proturecesijski program. Uz to, izgledi za članstvo u EU su, zbog slovenske blokade na čijemu uklanjanju ostale zemlje članice ništa ozbiljno ne čine, sve nejasniji.
Da je stanje europskoga gospodarstva i dalje teško pokazuje i procjena europskih ispitanika: sada ih samo petina smatra da je ono dobro, što je devet postotnih bodova manje nego lanjske jeseni. Dvostruko manje hrvatskih ispitanika, samo desetina, bod manje nego lanjske jeseni, ocjenjuje dobrim stanje hrvatskoga gospodarstva.
Za deset se bodova, na 23 posto, smanjio i postotak europskih ispitanika koji stanje europskoga gospodarstva ocjenjuju dobrim. U Hrvatskoj je takvih pet bodova manje nego lanjske jeseni, ali četiri posto više nego u EU (27%).
Zanimljivo je da se u Hrvatskoj u međuvremenu nije promijenio postotak onih koji stanje svojega osobnoga posla ocjenjuju dobrim (43%), te ih je i dalje malo više od onih koji ga ocjenjuju lošim (42%), što ukazuje da se kriza još nije bila odrazila na osobni standard. Dapače, postotak je više nego lanjske jeseni onih koji novčarsko stanje svojega domaćinstva ocjenjuju dobrim (49%), a postotak manje onih koji ga ocjenjuju lošim (također 49%). I u EU je za bod porastao postotak onih koji novčarsko stanje svojega domaćinstva ocjenjuju dobrim (na 65%), a za bod se smanjio onih koji ga ocjenjuju lošim (na 33%). Zadovoljstvo je u EU znatno izraženije nego u Hrvatskoj i kada je riječ o stanju osobnoga posla, iako se tamo zadovoljstvo u međuvremenu za četiri boda smanjilo, na 52 posto, a nezadovoljstvo je ostalo jednako (42%) kao lanjske jeseni.
Pregled kratkoročnih očekivanja pokazuje da sve veća iznadopolovična većina ispitanika i u EU i u Hrvatskoj u idućih 12 mjeseci ne očekuju promjene u svome životu općenito, u gospodarskome stanju vlastita domaćinstva ni u stanju osobne zaposlenosti, iako u EU optimizam malo raste, a u Hrvatskoj opada. Kada je, međutim, riječ o istovremenim očekivanjima za gospodarsko stanje i stanje
zaposlenosti u zemlji, u Hrvatskoj su pesimisti u iznadpolovičnoj većini, zamjetno većoj nego u EU.
I za europske i za hrvatske ispitanika dva su najvažnija pitanja s kojima se suočuje njihova zemlja nezaposlenost i gospodarsko stanje. U Hrvatskoj nezaposlenost sada zabrinjava 19 a u EU čak 23 postotna boda više ispitanika nego lanjske jeseni - 52 odnosno 49 posto. Gospodarsko stanje zabrinjava sada 14 bodova više Hrvata, a pet bodova više Europljana - 49 odnosno 42 posto.
Nepovjerenje u domaće ustanove, ionako nisko, od lanjske je jeseni dodatno poraslo - u vladu za devet bodova (84%), u Sabor za pet (81%), koliko i u političke stranke (91%), a u pravosuđe za dva boda (76%) . U EU nepovjerenje u domaće ustanove također raste, ali je, iako veliko, ipak znatno manje nego u Hrvatskoj. Tamo vladi ne vjeruje 65, domaćemu parlamentu 61, a političkim strankama 76 posto ispitanika. Onih u EU koji domaćemu pravosuđu vjeruju ipak je bod više (48%) od onih koji mu ne vjeruju.
Europskoj uniji sada ne vjeruje 62 posto Hrvata, četiri boda manje nego lanjske jeseni, a vjeruje joj bod manje, 31 posto, dok među europskim ispitanicima povjerenje u EU stagnira na 47, a nepovjerenje na 41 posto. Naraslo je u Hrvatskoj i nepovjerenje u središnje europske ustanove: Europskome parlamentu ne vjeruje sada 46 posto ispitanika, četiri boda više nego lanjske jeseni, Europskoj komisiji 47 posto ili pet bodova više, a Europskoj središnjoj banci 44 posto ili četiri boda više. U EU se povjerenje u središnje europske ustanove također smanjilo, ali su oni koji im vjeruju i dalje u relativnoj većini.
Hrvata koji misle da se stvari u zemlji kreću loše sada je čak 77 posto, 14 postotnih bodova više nego lanjske jeseni, dok u EU o stanju u svojoj zemlji tako misli polovica ispitanika, bod više nego lanjske jeseni. Loše kretanje stvari u EU primjećuje sada 48 posto Hrvata, osam bodova više. U EU je onih koji ta kretanja smatraju lošima 35 posto, bod više, a dobrima 34 posto, bod manje nego lanjske jeseni.
Stavovi o Europskoj uniji
Za relativnu većinu Hrvata (40%) EU i dalje ima neutralan lik, ali za četiri boda manje nego lanjske jeseni. Za bod je porastao postotak onih kojima je lik EU negativan (30%), a za čak četiri boda onih koji na EU gledaju pozitivno, ali takvih je samo 28 posto. U EU su u jednakoj relativnoj većini kao lanjske jeseni oni za koje je lik EU pozitivan (45%), dok se za bod smanjio postotak onih za koje je lik EU negativan (16%).
Članstvo svoje zemlje u Europskoj uniji dobrim smatra samo 24 posto Hrvata, bod više nego lanjske jeseni a šest bodova manje nego lanjskoga proljeća, te postojanih 53 posto Europljana. Hrvata koji misle da je članstvo u EU loše za Hrvatsku sada je 39 posto, također bod više nego lanjske jeseni a čak 14 bodova više nego lanjskoga proljeća, Neutralna je prema EU trećina Hrvata..
Dobrobit od članstva u EU za svoju zemlju sada očekuje 37 posto Hrvata, četiri boda više nego lanjske jeseni ali sedam bodova manje nego lanjskoga proljeća, te postojanih 56 posto Europljana. Dobrobit ne očekuje 54 posto Hrvata, bod manje nego lanjske jeseni ali 12 bodova više nego lanjskoga proljeća.
Za Europsku monetarnu uniju, odnosno za zajedničku valutu euro, nešto je više Hrvata (63%) nego Europljana (61%). No, dok je u EU broj zagovornika postojan, u Hrvatskoj se od lanjske jeseni smanjio za dva postotna boda. "Europi više brzina" protivi se veća relativna većina Hrvata (48%) nego Europljana (42%).
Dok je potpora nastavku proširenja EU u Hrvatskoj od lanjske jeseni narasla za bod, na 60 posto, u EU se jednako toliko smanjila, na samo 43 posto, a protivnici daljnjega širenja prešli su u većinu (46%). Za nastavak proširenja zalažu se većinski sve nove članice, a od starih samo Švedska, Španjolska, Portugal i Irska.
Za Hrvate, tri su ključna pitanja nastavka europske integracije solidarnost sa siromašnijim područjima, unutarnje tržište i gospodarska pitanja, a za građane EU to su gospodarska pitanja, društvena i zdravstvena pitanja, te pitanja vezana uz useljavanje.
I hrvatski i europski ispitanici u velikoj se većini zalažu za jačanje zajedničkoga odlučivanja u svim pitanjima, s time da su Hrvati tu ipak malo oprezniji od Europljana. U većini manjoj od polovične Hrvati su samo za odlučivanje o upravljanju glavnim zdravstvenim teškoćama.
U ocjenama učinkovitosti EU Hrvati i Europljani ne razlikuju se mnogo i one su mahom polovične.
Globalizacija
Da globalizacija predstavlja priliku za gospodarski rast smatra iznadpolovična većina i europskih i hrvatskih ispitanika. I jedni i drugi drže da globalizacija istovremeno povećava društvenu nejednakost. Velika većina i Hrvata i Europljana zalaže se za zajedničko «svjetsko upravljanje» globalizacijom. Da EU omogućuje svojim građanima veću dobrobit od pozitivnih učinaka globalizacije smatra rastuća većina i Europljana i Hrvata. Dok europski ispitanici smatraju da protiv posljedica novčarske i gospodarske krize najučinkovitije može djelovati EU, pa skupina G20, hrvatski na prvo mjesto, dvostruko učestalije nego građani EU, stavljaju domaću vladu, a na drugo Međunarodni monetarni fomd.
Vrijednosti
Hrvati su, naoko, zamjetno liberalniji od prosječnih Europljana: dok u EU nešto više od tri petine ispitanika smatra da se država previše miješa u njihove živote, te da je slobodno tržišno natjecanje najbolje jamstvo za gospodarski napredak, u Hrvatskoj je onih koji tako misle oko tri četvrtine. No, i Hrvati i Europljani u približno jednakoj su većini skloni odmicanju od materijalizma, te stavljanju većega naglaska na tehnološki razvoj.
Društvena jednakost i solidarnost i za Europljane i za Hrvate na prvome je mjestu među pitanjima koje bi društvo trebalo naglasiti u suočavanju s glavnim globalnim izazovima.
Samo je četiri posto i Hrvata i Europljana zadovoljno sadašnjim stanjem društva u kojemu žive. Ipak, evolutivnim društvenim promjenama, bez velikih šokova, sklona je iznadpolovična većina i Hrvata i Europljana,
I hrvatskim i europskim ispitanicima na prvome je mjestu pri odabiru posla sigurnost radnoga mjesta. Hrvatima je na drugome mjestu dobra plaća, ali dvostruko manje važna od sigurnosti zaposlenja. Niti desetina hrvatskih ispitanika ne polaže pozornost na zanimljivost posla, dok je europskima ona jednako važna koliko i dobra plaća.
Demokratske vrijednosti najvažnije su počelo europskoga identiteta i za Hrvate i za Europljane. Samo dva posto Hrvata a pet posto Europljana smatra da europski identitet ne postoji.
Dok se u EU 74 posto ispitanika smatra barem donekle Europljanima, u Hrvatskoj je takvih samo 48 posto. Uopće se Europljanima ne smatra osam posto europskih, a čak 23 posto hrvatskih ispitanika. Istovremeno se čak 70 posto hrvatskih ispitanika smatra barem donekle kozmopolitima, što govori da relativno mali postotak Hrvata koji se izjašnjavaju Europljanima nije posljedica provincijalizma, nego oblik prosvjeda zbog duljine pristupnoga postupka i slovenske blokade..
U Hrvata je jak osjećaj područne pripadnosti (82%) izraženiji nego u Europljana (68%).
Europska Unija u 2030.
Optimizam glede budućnosti EU prevladava i u EU (64%) i u Hrvatskoj (56%). Pesimizam je među Hrvatima (39%), međutim, zamjetno izraženiji nego među Europljanima (29%).
Oni koji očekuju da će u 2030. godini život u EU biti teži nego danas u relativnoj su većini i među europskim (32%) i među Hrvatskim ispitanicima (32%).
Relativna većina i Hrvata (47%) i Europljana, ali znatno manja (33%), očekuje da će se 2030. godine u EU veća važnost pridavati gospodarstvu nego okolišu. Dok bi relativna većina Hrvata (36%) željela da se u EU u 2030. godini veću važnost pridaje gospodarstvu nego okolišu, još veća većina Europljana (40%) željela bi da bude obratno.
Relativna većina i hrvatskih (36%) i europskih ispitanika (35%) smatra da će 2030. godine u EU solidarnost biti izraženija od individualizma. Veću važnost solidarnosti nego individualizma u EU u 2030. godini priželjkuje, međutim, znatna većina i Hrvata (61%) i Europljana (58%).
Zamalo dvotrećinska većina Hrvata (63%), a ispodpolovična većina Europljana (47%) očekuje da će se u EU 2030. godine veću važnost pridvati poslu nego slobodnome vremenu. Mala relativna većina Europljana (33%), a veća Hrvata (42%) željela bi da u EU u 2030. godini slobodno vrijeme bude važnije od rada.
Znatno više Hrvata (47%) nego Europljana (35%) drži da će u EU 2030. godine red biti važniji od osobnih sloboda. Hrvati su podijeljeni oko želje da se u EU u 2030. godini veću važnost pridaje redu, odnosno osobnim slobodama (po 38%), dok su u EU u relativnoj većini oni kojima su osobne slobode važnije (35%).
Više od dvije trećine hrvatskih ispitanika (68%), a ispodpolovična većina europskih (44%) misli da će u EU 2030. godine ljudi imati manje vremena za obiteljski život nego danas.
Relativna većina i Hrvata (49%) i Europljana (43%) očekuje u EU u 2030. godini veću snošljivost prema etničkim i vjerskim manjinama. Oko tri četvrtine i Hrvata (76%) i Europljana (73%) želi, međutim, da društvo u EU u 2030. godini bude snošljivije prema etničkim i vjerskim manjinama no što je to danas.
Hrvatski ispitanici smatraju da će gospodarsko stanje (35%) i zločin (32%) u 2030. godini biti dvije teškoće koje će najviše mučiti Hrvatsku. Europski ispitanici smatraju da će glavne teškoće njihovih zemalja tada biti gospodarsko stanje (23%) i nezaposlenost (20%).
Društvo
Pribllžno jednaka iznadpolovična većina i hrvatskih (53%) i europskih (54%) ispitanika slaže se da useljenici iz drugih etničkih skupina obogaćuju kulturni život zemlje. Dok ispodpolovična većina Europljana (45%) smatra da su takvi useljenici uzrok nesigurnosti, iznadpolovična većina Hrvata (54%) ne misli tako. Ispodpolovična većina Europljana (49%) drži da takvi useljenici povećavaju nezaposlenost u njihovim zemljama, a malo manja većina Hrvata (46%) ne slaže se s takvim mišljenjem.
Neophodnost useljenika za neke gospodarske sektore vidi većina od 48 posto europskih ispitanika, dok je većinskih 49 posto Hrvata ne vidi.
Da se useljavanjem može suprotstaviti starenju stanovništva ne misli većina ni Hrvata (47%) ni Europljana (45%).
Oni koji ne misle da useljenici državnome proračunu više pridonose porezima no što se iz njega troši na njihovu zdravstvenu i društvenu skrb u iznadpolovičnoj su većini u EU (51%), a u ispodpolovičnoj u Hrvatskoj (40%).
Da sustav društvene skrbi u njihovim zemljama osigurava dovoljno široku pokrivenost misli relativna većina europskih ispitanika. U Hrvatskoj, međutim, zamalo dvije trećine ispitanika (65%) nije zadovojno širinom pokrivenosti društvenom skrbi.
Da bi domaći sustav društvene skrbi mogao poslužiti kao uzor drugim zemljama misli manjina od 46 posto Europljana, a samo 12 posto Hrvata..
Jednaka većina od 54 posto i hrvatskih i europskih ispitanika smatra da je domaći sustav društvene skrbi preskup za društvo njihovih zemalja.
Profili
Hrvata koji se politički svrstavaju nalijevo jednako je koliko i lanjske jeseni (26%), a četiri postotna boda više nego lanjskoga proljeća. Dva se boda hrvatskih ispitanika više no lanjske jeseni sada smiješta nadesno (19%), što je tri boda manje nego lanjskoga proljeća. Onih koji se opredjeljuju za političko središte i dalje je najviše (28%), iako dva boda manje nego lanjske jeseni, a četiri manje nego lanjskoga proljeća. Broj onih koji odbijaju odgovoriti na ovo pitanje u Hrvatskoj raste, dok se smanjuje broj onih koji ne znaju na koju bi stranu.
U EU je ljevičara (24%) sada tri boda manje nego lanjske jeseni, a četiori manje no lanjskoga proljeća. Postotak desničara (21%) nije se promijenio od prethodnoga istraživanja, a bod ih je manje nego lanjskoga proljeća. Bod je više nego lanjske jeseni onih koji se vide u političkome središtu (34%), a tri boda više no lanjskoga proljeća.
Nakon ranijega smanjivanja postotka hrvatskih vlasnika fiksne telefonske linije, u posljednja se dva istraživanja ponovno bilježi njegov rast (86%), vjerojatno zbog toga što je u Hrvatskoj ADSL pristup internetu znatno jeftiniji od mobilnoga. U EU broj vlasnika fiksnoga telefona stagnira (72%). Tri je boda više hrvatskih vlasnika mobitela (82%) nego lanjske jeseni, pa se Hrvatska po tome približila europskome prosjeku (85%),).
Dok je vlasnika računala u EU sada tri boda više nego lanjske jeseni (67%), u Hrvatskoj ih je šest bodova više (57%), ali još znatno ispod europskoga prosjeka. Broj korisnika interneta s pristupom od kuće porastao je istovremeno u Hrvatskoj za 10 bodova (51%), a u EU za pet (60%).
Svakodnevno internet od kuće koristi 26 posto Hrvata a 37 posto Europljana, dok 43 posto Hrvata a 23 posto Europljana to nikada ne čini. Na poslu internet svakodnevno koristi samo 12 posto Hrvata a 18 posto Europljana, dok to nikada ne čini 66 posto Hrvata a 51 posto Europljana.
Dok u EU broj vlasnika automobila stagnira (72%), u Hrvatskoj je porastao za bod (70%), no, to je i dalje četiri boda manje nego prije godinu i pol.
U Hrvatskoj se broj vlasnika otplaćenoga stambenoga prostora smanjio u proteklih pola godine za četiri boda, na 73 posto, a u EU za bod, na 43 posto. Bod je više sada Hrvata koji svoj dom još otplaćuju (12%), dok je u takvih sada bod manje nego lanjske jeseni (25%). Trajna znatna razlika u broju vlasnika stambenoga prostora između prosječnih Europljana i Hrvata ukazuje kako na veću navezanost Hrvata na dom, tako i na nerazvijeno tržište najamnih stanova u Hrvatskoj, što oboje ishodi manjom pokretljivošću radne snage.
Zaključak
Nakon što se popularnost Europske unije lanjske jeseni bila u Hrvatskoj uvelike smanjila, sada je ponovno nešto porasla, na račun neutralnih. Pozitivno na EU gleda 28 posto hrvatskih ispitanika, a članstvo svoje zemlje u EU dobrim ih smatra 24 posto, ali porastao je i broj onih koji na EU gledaju negativno (30%)., odnosno onih koji smatraju da članstvo za Hrvatsku ne bi bilo dobro (39%). Dok na porast nepopularnosti EU svakako utječe činjenica da slovenska blokada hrvatskoga pristupnoga postupka traje, istovremeni porast popularnosti EU može se najvjerojatnije pripisati činjenici da članice EU, posebice one koje su u eurozoni, manje bolno prolaze kroz trenutačnu gospodarsku krizu. Na potonje ukazuje i podatak da ponovno raste broj onih koji od članstva u EU očekuju dobrobit za Hrvatsku (37%) i znatno ih je više od onih koji se o EU pozitivno izražavaju, te da čak 63 posto Hrvata podupire Europsku monetarnu uniju, odnosno zajedničku valutu euro.
Da su Hrvati, unatoč niskoj razini popularnosti koju EU među njima trenutačno uživa, zapravo zagovornici europske integracije pokazuju njihove želje da se o većini pitanja odlučuje zajednički, na razini EU. No, iako je u Hrvatskoj potpora zajedničkome odlučivanju velika, ona je ipak manja od one unutar EU. Vrlo je vjerojatno da će, nastavi li se odugovlačiti sa završetkom hrvatskoga pristupnoga postupka, euroskepticizam u Hrvatskoj sve više jačati.
Translation - English The public opinion polls by Standard Eurobarometer are conducted twice a year. This one, the 71st (EB 71), was conducted from June 12th to July 8th 2009 in all 27 member states of the European Union, in the two candidate countries which are currently negotiating their membership – Croatia and Turkey, in the Former Yugoslav Republic Macedonia, which has candidate status, but the date for the beginning of negotiations has not been set yet, and among the members of the Turkish community on Cyprus. EB 71 is the tenth poll by Standard Eurobarometer which included Croatia. The responses were gathered in the field from June 15th to 30th by the Puls agency.
During the nine months between the last two polls by Standard Eurobarometer, the Czech Republic took over the presidency of the European Union from France. As Slovenia continued blocking Croatia's accession negotiations, no negotiation chapters were opened or closed in that period. Until the closure of this poll Slovenia blocked the opening of nine and closing of four chapters. The Czechs assembled two Inter-government Accession Conferences, but they were both canceled at the request of Slovenia. For the opening of negotiations on the chapter on competition, European Commission's approval of the program of privatization of Croatian shipyards was being expected, while the System of Justice and the Basic Rights chapter, for which the European Commission had already established that the Croatian side had fulfilled the set criteria, was still waiting for the EU Council’s confirmation of the full cooperation of the Croatian Government with the International Penal Court for Former Yugoslavia in Hague. That way the negotiations were still open in 22, and closed in seven chapters.
The domestic policy field between the last two Eurobarometer's polls was marked by the local and regional elections and the economic crisis. Although Croatia, thanks to Croatian National Bank's policy, successfully avoided the spillover of the crises from the US and EU, the crisis of the actual economy hit it hard as early as the first trimester of 2009 owing not only to the decrease of orders for Croatian products from abroad, but also to the decrease of domestic consumption. The Croatian Government resisted for a long time to recognize the gravity of the crisis due to the proximity of the next elections. By the closure of this poll, the general public still had no idea of how big became the gap in the treasury resulting from diminished tax revenues and only symbolic decrease of public consumption.
The Opinion Climate
While satisfaction with the life in the EU turned its former negative trend and increased one percent point compared to last year's autumn, to 77%, in Croatia its decrease became steeper, and now there is five points fewer of those satisfied, i.e. 63%. Compared to the last year's spring, in the EU there are only one point fewer, and in Croatia as many as 14 points fewer examinees who are satisfied with their life. The negative difference of as many as 14 percent in life satisfaction of the Croats, compared to the satisfaction of the Europeans – while last spring the difference was only three percent – indicates the decrease of their standard as well as their uneasy view of the future with crisis. In fact, while in the EU, during the course of this poll, the anti-recession measures were already sprouting their first green shoots, in Croatia, which was bypassed by the financial crisis itself, but hit badly by its tail – the crisis of the real economy, the Government had still not begun implementing any anti-recession program. In addition to that, the prospects of EU membership are every day less clear because of the Slovenian blocking the other member states are doing nothing about.
It is also evident from the opinion of the European examinees that the state of the European economy is still bad: now only one-fifth of them think it is good, which makes nine percent points less than last fall. Twice as many of the Croatian examinees, only one tenth – one percent less than last autumn – rate the state of the Croatian economy as good.
The percentage of European examinees who think that the state of the European economy is good decreased 10 points, to 23%. In Croatia they make 5 points less than last fall, but four percent more than in EU (27%).
It is quite interesting that in Croatia, the percentage of those who rate the state of their personal standard as good (43%) did not change in the meantime, and that there is still a little more of them, than those who rate it as bad (42%), which points to the fact that the crisis at the time of poll-taking had sill not reflected on the personal standard. There is even one percent more of those who rate the financial state of their household as good (49%), while there is one percent fewer of those who rate it as bad (also 49%). In the EU, the percentage of those who rate the financial state of their household as good also increased one percent (to 65%), and of those who rate it as bad decreased one point (to 33%). Satisfaction is significantly more pronounced in the EU than in Croatia also when it comes to personal standard, although in the EU it decreased four points in the meantime, to 52%, while the dissatisfaction staid the same (42%) like the last autumn.
The overview of the short-term expectation, points to the fact that a growing majority of more than fifty percent of examinees in both EU and Croatia do not expect changes in their lives in general, in the economic state of their own household, or the state of their own standard in the next 12 months, although in the EU the optimism is slightly growing, while in Croatia it is falling. However, when it comes to expectations for the state of economy and employment in the country, in Croatia the pessimists make more than 50%, significantly more than in the EU.
For the European, as well as for the Croatian examinees, the two most important issues their countries face are unemployment and the state of economy. In Croatia 19 and in the EU as many as 23 percent points more of examinees than last fall – 52 and 49 respectively – are concerned by the unemployment.
The state of the economy concerns now 14 points more Croats, and five points more Europeans – 49 and 42 respectively.
The distrust in domestic institutions, which was bad already, worsened in Croatia since the last autumn even more – nine points (84%) for the Government, five for the Parliament (81%), as well as for the political parties (91%), and two points for the judiciary system (76%). In the EU distrust increased too, but, however high, it is still significantly lower than in Croatia. There, 65% of the examinees do not trust the Government, 61% domestic Parliament, and 76% the political parties. There is still one point more of those who believe in the domestic judiciary system (48%) than those who do not.
Now 62% of Croats do not believe the European Union – four points fewer than last fall. There is also one point fewer of those who do, 31%, while among the European examinees the trust in the EU stagnates at 47%, and distrust at 41%.
Not trusting the central European institutions also increased: 46% of the examinees do not trust the European Parliament, four points more than the last fall; 47%, or five points more, do not trust the European Commission, while 44%, or four points more, do not trust the Central European Bank.
In the EU, trusting the central European institutions diminished too, but those who believe them are still a relative majority.
There is as many as 77% of those who think that things in the country are going bad, 14 percent points more than last fall, while in the EU a half of the examinees think so – a point more than last autumn. The bad development of things in the EU is now noted by 48% of Croats – 8 points more. In the EU there are 35% of those who think the developments are bad, one point more than the last fall, and 34%, or one point fewer of those who perceive them as good.
Opinions on European Union
For a relative majority of Croats (40%), EU continues to have a neutral character, but it is 4 points lower than the last fall. The percentage of those who see the character of the EU as negative, increased one point (to 30%), and as many as four points for those who view the EU as positive, but there is still only 28% of them.
In the same relative majority as last fall are those in the EU who see the character of EU as positive (45%), while the percentage of those who see it as negative decreased one point (16%).
The membership of the country in the EU is seen as a good thing by only 24% of Croats, a point more than last fall, and six points fewer examinees than last spring, while the percentage of the Europeans is a steady 53%. There are now 39% of Croats who think that the membership in the EU is bad for Croatia, also a point more than last fall, and as many as 14 points more than last spring, while one-third of Croats remain neutral towards the EU membership.
The benefit of the EU membership is now expected for their country by 37% of Croats, four points more than last autumn but seven points fewer than last spring, and a steady 56 percent of Europeans. 54 percent of Croats do not expect any benefits, a point less than last fall but 12 points more than last spring.
A little bit more of Croats (63%) than Europeans (61%) are for the European monetary union, or the common currency of euro. However, while the number of those for is steady in the EU, in Croatia their number decreased 2 percent points since the last fall. A larger relative majority of Croats (48%) than Europeans (42%) is opposed to the “multi-speed Europe”.
While the support to the continuation of enlargement of the EU increased one point in Croatia since the last fall, to 60 percent, it decreased in the EU for the same amount, to only 43 percent, while the opponents to the further enlargement became the majority (46%). For the continuation are all new member states and only Sweden, Spain, Portugal and Ireland of the old ones.
For the Croats, there are three key questions regarding the continuation of European integration: solidarity with poor areas, internal market and the economic issues. For the citizens of the EU, these are: economic, social and health and immigration issues.
The vast majorities of Croatian as well as European examinees support strengthening of the common decision-making on all issues, whereby Croats are still a little bit more cautious than Europeans.
In a majority smaller than a half, Croats are only for decision-making on chief health difficulties. In their evaluation of the efficiency of the EU, Croats and Europeans do not differ much – they mainly evaluate it as half-way.
Globalization
A majority of more than a half of Croatian and European examinees respectively, regard the globalization as an opportunity for economic growth. However, they both consider it to be increasing the social inequality at the same time. The vast majority of Croats and Europeans advocate the common “world management” of the globalization. A growing majority of Europeans and Croats alike, also think that the EU provides its citizens with greater benefits than the positive effects of the globalization. While the European examinees believe that the EU in the first place can work against the consequences of monetary and economic crisis the most effectively, and the G20 group in the second place, the Croats put twice as often in the first place the local government, and the International Monetary Fund on the second.
Values
Apparently, Croats seem to be more liberal than the average Europeans: while a little bit more than three-fifths of the examinees in the EU feel that the state meddles too much with their private affairs and that the free competition is the best guarantee for an economic growth, in Croatia about three-thirds of the examinees think so. However, both Croats and Europeans are in approximately the same majority prone to distancing themselves from materialism, and to putting more emphasis on the technological development.
The social inequality and solidarity are for Europeans, as well as for Croats, the first among the issues which the society should emphasize when confronting with the main global challenges.
Only four percent of Croats and Europeans are satisfied with the state of the society they live in. Still, majorities of more than half of Croats and Europeans are in favor of evolutive social changes.
To both Croatian and European examinees, when choosing a job, job security is in the first place. Croats put a good salary in the second place, but for them, it is twice less important than job security. Not even one-tenth of the Croatian examinees pay attention to how much the job is interesting, while to the Europeans it is as important as a good salary.
Democratic values are the most important principle of the European identity – for Croats as well as for Europeans. Only two percent of Croats and five percent of Europeans think that a European identity does not exist.
While in the EU 74 percent of the examinees think of themselves as Europeans at least to some extent, in Croatia there is only 48 percent of such examinees. Eight percent of the European examinees, and as many as 23 percent of the Croatian, do not consider themselves European at all. At the same time, as many as 70 percent of the Croatian examinees consider themselves as cosmopolitans, to at least some extent, which shows that a relatively small percent of Croats who declare themselves as Europeans is not a consequence of provincialism, but a kind of a protest against the long duration of the accession procedure and the Slovenian blockage.
In Croats, there is a strong sense of regional belonging (82%), which is more pronounced than in Europeans (68%).
The European Union in 2030
Optimism regarding the future of the EU predominates in the EU (64%) and Croatia (56%). Pessimism is, however, much more pronounced in Croats (39%) than in Europeans (29%).
Those that expect in the year 2030 the life in the EU to be harder than today, are among a relative majority in European (32%), as well as in Croatian examinees (32%). The relative majorities of Croats (47%) and Europeans (significantly smaller – 33%), expect that in 2030 more importance will be attached to the economy than to the environment. While a relative majority of Croats (36%) would like to see more importance being attached to economy than to environment, an even greater majority of Europeans (40%) would like it to be the other way round.
The relative majorities of Croatian (36%) and European examinees (35%) think that in the EU in 2030 solidarity will be more pronounced than individualism. However, the vast majority of Croats (61%) and Europeans (58%) wish there were a greater significance of solidarity than individualism in 2030.
Almost a two-thirds majority of Croats (63%) and a majority of less than fifty percent of Europeans (47%) expect to see more importance being attached to work than free time in the EU in 2030. A small relative majority of Europeans (33%) and a bigger relative majority of Croats (42%) would like free time to be considered more important than work.
Significantly more Croats (47%) than Europeans (35%) expect order to be more important than personal liberties in the 2030 EU. Croats are divided when it comes to wishing that more importance is given to order or to personal freedoms (38% respectively), while in the EU those who wish the personal liberties to be more important make the relative majority (35%).
More than two-thirds of Croatian examinees (68%) and a majority of less than fifty percent of the European (44%) think that in the EU in 2030 people will have less time for family life than today.
The relative majorities of Croats (49%) and Europeans (43%) expect in the EU in 2030 a greater tolerance for ethnic and religious minorities.
About three-quarters of Croats (76%) and Europeans (73%) wish, however, that EU society in 2030 were more tolerant towards the ethnic and religious minorities than today.
The Croatian examinees deem that the economic situation (35%) and crime (32%) will be the two difficulties that will bother Croatia the most in 2030. The European examinees think that the major difficulties of their countries will be economic situation (23%) and unemployment (20%).
Society
Approximately equal majorities of more than a half of Croatian (53%) and European (54%) examinees agree that the immigrants from other ethnic groups enrich the cultural life of a country. While a majority of fewer than fifty percent of Europeans (45%) regard such immigrants as the cause of insecurity, an above fifty-percent majority of Croats (45%) do not. A majority of below fifty percent of Europeans (49%) suppose that such immigrants increase the unemployment in their countries, while a little smaller majority of Croats (46%) does not agree with such opinion.
The majority of 48 percent of the European examinees see the necessity of immigrants in some economic sectors, while the majority of 49 percent of Croats do not.
Neither the majority of Croats (47%) nor Europeans (45%) think that immigration can counteract the ageing of the population.
Those that do think that the immigrants contribute more to the national budget than they spend from it on health and social care, make a majority of more than fifty percent in the EU (51%), and a below fifty-percent majority in Croatia (40%).
A relative majority of the European examinees see coverage of the social care system in their countries as adequately broad. In Croatia, however, almost two-thirds of examinees (65%) are not satisfied with the broadness of the social care coverage.
Only 46 percent of Europeans and only 12 percent of Croats believe that their social care system could serve as an example to other countries. The same majority of 54 percent of Croatian and European examinees agree that their social care system is too expensive for the society of their country.
Profiles
The percentage of Croats who declare themselves politically as left-wing is equal to that of last fall (26%), and four percent points more than last spring. There are two points more Croatian examinees than last autumn that declare themselves as right-wing (19%), which is tree points fewer than last spring. Those that determine themselves as political centre are still a majority (28%), although there are two points fewer of them than last fall, and four points fewer than last spring. The number of those who refuse to declare their political convictions increased in Croatia, while the number of those who are undecided decreased.
There are three points fewer leftists (24%) in the EU than last autumn, and four fewer than last spring. The percentage of rightists (21%) has not changed since the last poll, but there is one point fewer of them than last spring. There is one more point of those who see themselves in the political centre (34%) than last fall, and three points more than last spring.
After the earlier decrease of percentage of the Croatian owners of fixed telephone lines, in the last two polls there is growth again (86%), probably due to the fact that in Croatia ADSL Internet access is much cheaper than the mobile. In the EU, the number of owners of fixed telephone lines is stagnating (72%). There are three points more of Croatian mobile phone owners (82%) than last fall, which places Croatia close to the European average (85%).
While there are now three points more of computer owners in the EU, than last fall (67%), in Croatia there are six points more (57%), which is still significantly below the European average. The number of those with Internet access from home increased at the same time for 10 points (51%) in Croatia and five (60%) in the EU.
At home, 26 percent of Croats and 37 percent of Europeans use Internet every day, while 43 percent of Croats and 23 of Europeans never do it. At work, only 12 percent of Croats and 18 percent of Europeans use Internet every day, while 66 percent of Croats and 51 percent of Europeans never do it.
While in the EU the number of car owners stagnates (72%), in Croatia it increased one point (to 70%), but it is still four points less than a year and a half ago.
In Croatia the number of paid-out living spaces decreased four points in the last nine months, to 73 %, while in the EU only one point, to 43%. There is now one point more of Croats who are still paying-out their homes (12%), while in Europe there is one point fewer of them than the last fall (25%).
The permanent difference in the number of home owners between average Europeans and Croats points not only to a greater attachment of Croats to their homes, but also to the underdeveloped market of apartments to rent in Croatia, both facts resulting in a lower mobility of the work force.
Conclusion
After the popularity of the European Union in Croatia largely decreased last fall, it slightly grew now, at the expense of of the neutrals. 28% of the examinees view the EU as positive and 24% see membership of their country in the EU as a good thing, but the number of those who view the EU as negative increased (30%), as well as the number of those who think that membership in the EU would not be good (39%). While the fact that the Slovenian blockage of the accession procedure is still in progress, certainly influences the unpopularity of the EU in Croatia, the growing popularity of the EU at the same time can most probably be attributed to the fact that the EU members, especially those which are in Euro zone, are going through the current economic crisis less painfully. A few more details in favor of that assumption are: the fact that the number of those who expect benefits for Croatia from membership in the EU (37%) is growing again, that there are now much more of those who express a positive attitude towards the EU, and that as much as 63 percent of Croats support the European Monetary Union, or euro as the common currency.
The desire for the most of decisions on common issues to be taken together, on the EU level, indicates that Croats, in spite of the low level of EU popularity among them at the moment, are in fact advocates of the European integration. However, although there is a great support for the common decision taking, it is still lower than the one in the EU. It is quite likely that, if the finalization of the Croatian accession procedure continues to be obstructed and delayed, euro skepticism will intensify.
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Translation education
Master's degree - Filozofski fakultet, Zagreb University
Experience
Years of experience: 22. Registered at ProZ.com: Aug 2010.
Mirta Jusic (Jušić),
professional translator and interpreter based in Zagreb, Croatia
More than 20 years of professional experience in translation and interpreting from Croatian, Bosnian or Serbian to English or from English to Croatian.
Interpreted at international conferences, world congresses in Zagreb, donors' conferences in Sarajevo, business meetings, sports events, formal/government events, interviews (print, radio, TV, also live in the studio)...
Interpreted in almost all former Yugoslav countries (Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Serbia, Montenegro).
Professional Approach to Translation:
Three to five passes for each translation, including proofreading, spelling checker and editing.
Very good collection of dictionaries and a rich reference library on my shelves + excellent Internet research skills in Croatian, English, Bosnian, Serbian, Slovenian, Macedonian, Portuguese, Italian, French and German.
Permenent, life-long education.
Transcriptions from English, Croatian, Bosnian and Serbian.
Experienced in translating transcriptions formatting the source transcription and target language translation in tables, which can also include exact time codes.
Skilled and equipped to handle audio files with time code.
My non-ProZ CLIENT LIST includes:
Print
Los Angeles Times (I was on their retainer for three years)
Chicago Tribune
Detroit Free Press
Philadelphia Inquirer
Boston Globe
Washington Post
Asahi Shimbun
Tokio Shimbun
Dagens Nyheter
Fokus
National Geographic, Croatian issue
Croatian magazines Danas, Start, SL
TV
BBC, UK
ITN
WTN
Visnews
RTL, Germany
ZDF, Austria
ORF, Germany
Arte, France
Cineteve, France
Channel 7 / 7 Network, Australia
RTP, Portugal
Other
- Bloomberg Business News - translator, interpreter and stringer
- Walt Disney Productions - translator, interpreter, fixer/local producer
- Translated close to 100 web sites from Croatian to English and localized several foreign sites from English to Croatian.
Dozens of Croatian companies and small businesses for which I
translated their:
- business correspondence (letters, documentation, forms, faxes)
- e-mail correspondence
- tenders, offers, bids
- presentations
- invoices
- manuals
- catalogues
- web sites
- stationery
- brochures
- contracts (I also wrote them myself many times), agreements, bylaws
- professional texts from their fields of expertise, like
- books,
- articles,
- web articles,
for which I had to familiarize myself with a wide variety of fields over those 20 years...
and interpreted at their:
- business meetings
- telephone conversations
- social, cultural, sport or formal events
- presentations
- seminars, workshops...
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