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Editing/proofreading Volume: 8500 words Completed: Dec 2007 Languages: English to Spanish
Software localization
Computers: Software, IT (Information Technology), Computers: Software
No comment.
Translation Volume: 11000 words Completed: Dec 2007 Languages: English to Spanish
Specifications for a plant electrical system - Bid
Law: Contract(s), Electronics / Elect Eng
No comment.
Translation Volume: 10635 words Completed: Dec 2007 Languages: English to Spanish
Guidelines for animal protection legislation
Livestock / Animal Husbandry, International Org/Dev/Coop, Livestock / Animal Husbandry
No comment.
Translation Volume: 22500 words Completed: Nov 2007 Languages: English to Spanish
Website localization - Wind turbines manufacturer
Internet, e-Commerce, Environment & Ecology, Energy / Power Generation
positive Blue Board outsourcer (5 to 10 entries): Idoia is simply one of the best translators we have worked with, highly professional, accurate, reliable, friendly and trustworthy. Thank you for all the work you have done for us Idoia!
Translation Volume: 6000 words Completed: Sep 2007 Languages: English to Spanish
Airflows can be used to run wind turbines. Modern wind turbines range from around 600 kW to 5 MW of rated power, although turbines with rated output of 1.5–3 MW have become the most common for commercial use; the power output of a turbine is a function of the cube of the wind speed, so as wind speed increases, power output increases dramatically. Areas where winds are stronger and more constant, such as offshore and high altitude sites, are preferred locations for wind farms.
Since wind speed is not constant, a wind farm's annual energy production is never as much as the sum of the generator nameplate ratings multiplied by the total hours in a year. The ratio of actual productivity in a year to this theoretical maximum is called the capacity factor. Typical capacity factors are 20-40%, with values at the upper end of the range in particularly favourable sites. For example, a 1 megawatt turbine with a capacity factor of 35% will not produce 8,760 megawatt-hours in a year, but only 0.35x24x365 = 3,066 MWh, averaging to 0.35 MW. Online data is available for some locations and the capacity factor can be calculated from the yearly output.
Globally, the long-term technical potential of wind energy is believed to be five times total current global energy production, or 40 times current electricity demand. This could require large amounts of land to be used for wind turbines, particularly in areas of higher wind resources.
Offshore resources experience mean wind speeds of ~90% greater than that of land, so offshore resources could contribute substantially more energy.
Wind power is renewable and produces no greenhouse gases during operation, such as carbon dioxide and methane.
Translation - Spanish Energía eólica
Las corrientes de aire se pueden utilizar para hacer funcionar aerogeneradores. Los aerogeneradores modernos abarcan desde los 600 kW hasta los 5MW de potencia nominal, aunque los aerogeneradores con una potencia nominal entre 1,5 y 3 MW se han convertido en los más utilizados para su uso comercial. La energía producida por un aerogenerador es una función cúbica de la velocidad del viento, por lo tanto, conforme la velocidad del viento aumenta, la energía producida aumenta de forma espectacular. Las zonas con vientos más fuertes y constantes, como los emplazamientos marinos y los lugares altos, son los lugares preferidos para los parques eólicos.
Como la velocidad del viento no es constante, la producción anual de energía de un parque eólico no llega a ser nunca la suma de las potencias nominales de los generadores multiplicada por el número de horas anuales. La relación entre la productividad real en un año y este máximo teórico es lo que se llama el factor de capacidad. Los factores típicos de capacidad están entre un 20 y un 40%, con valores que se sitúan en la parte superior de la escala en emplazamientos especialmente favorables. Por ejemplo, un aerogenerador de 1 megavatio con un factor de capacidad de 35% no producirá 8.760 megavatios-hora al año, sino solo 0,35x24x365 = 3.066 MWh, lo que hace una media de 0,35 MW. Hay disponibles datos on line para algunos lugares y el factor de capacidad se puede calcular a partir de la producción anual.
Se cree que el potencial técnico a largo plazo de la energía eólica en todo el mundo puede ser cinco veces la producción mundial actual de energía, o 40 veces la demanda actual de electricidad. Esto requeriría el uso de grandes extensiones de terreno para aerogeneradores, en particular en zonas de grandes recursos eólicos.
Los parques eólicos marinos tienen un promedio de velocidades de viento aproximadamente un 90% mayor que los terrestres, por lo tanto los parques eólicos marinos pueden aportar una energía considerablemente mayor.
La energía eólica es renovable y no produce gases de efecto invernadero tales como dióxido de carbono y metano durante su funcionamiento.
English to Spanish: Renewable Energy
Source text - English Renewable Energy
Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources—such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat—which are renewable (naturally replenished). In 2006, about 18% of global final energy consumption came from renewables, with 13% coming from traditional biomass, such as wood-burning. Hydroelectricity was the next largest renewable source, providing 3%, followed by solar hot water/heating, which contributed 1.3%. Modern technologies, such as geothermal energy, wind power, solar power, and ocean energy together provided some 0.8% of final energy consumption.
Climate change concerns coupled with high oil prices, peak oil and increasing government support are driving increasing renewable energy legislation, incentives and commercialization. European Union leaders reached an agreement in principle in March 2007 that 20 percent of their nations' energy should be produced from renewable fuels by 2020, as part of its drive to cut emissions of carbon dioxide, blamed in part for global warming. Investment capital flowing into renewable energy climbed from $80 billion in 2005 to a record $100 billion in 2006.
In response to the G8's call on the IEA for "guidance on how to achieve a clean, clever and competitive energy future", the IEA reported that the replacement of current technology with renewable energy could help reduce CO2 emmisions by 50% by 2050, which they claim is of crucial importance because current policies are not sustainable.
Translation - Spanish Energía renovable
La energía renovable es la energía generada de forma natural a partir de recursos naturales renovables (que se reponen de forma natural) como la luz solar, el viento, la lluvia, las mareas y la energía geotérmica. En 2006, alrededor del 18% de la energía final consumida en el mundo procedió de las renovables, con un 13% procedente de la biomasa tradicional, como la combustión de madera. La energía hidroeléctrica fue la siguiente fuente mayor de energía renovable, suministrando un 3%, seguida por la calefacción y agua caliente solar, que aportaron el 1,3%. Las tecnologías modernas, como la energía geotérmica, la energía eólica, la energía solar y la energía de los océanos proporcionaron juntas alrededor del 0,8% de la energía final consumida.
La preocupación por el cambio climático, combinada con los altos precios del petróleo, el punto máximo de extracción de petróleo ("peak oil") y un creciente apoyo del gobierno están conduciendo al aumento de la legislación, incentivos y comercialización de las energías renovables. Los dirigentes de la Unión Europea llegaron a un principio de acuerdo en marzo de 2007 por el que el 20% de la energía de sus naciones debería estar producida por combustibles renovables para el año 2020, como parte de su campaña para reducir las emisiones de dióxido de carbono, acusadas en parte de causar el calentamiento global. El capital invertido en energías renovables ascendió de 80 mil millones de USD en 2005 a un récord de 100 mil millones de USD en 2006.
En respuesta al llamamiento del G8 a la AIE (Agencia Internacional de la Energía) en búsqueda de "asesoramiento para conseguir un futuro energético más limpio, inteligente y competitivo", la AIE informó que la sustitución de la tecnología actual por energía renovable podría ayudar a reducir las emisiones de CO2 en un 50% para 2050, lo que se considera de crucial importancia ya que las políticas actuales son insostenibles.
English to Spanish (Chartered Institute of Linguists, verified) English to Spanish (Cambridge University (ESOL Examinations), verified) English to Spanish (Escuela Oficial de Idiomas, verified)
• Born in Spain.
• Lived and worked for several years in UK, Israel and several countries in South America.
• Technical scientific background: Agronomist.
• Diploma in Translation of the Chartered Institute of Linguists.
• Cambridge Proficiency Certificate in English.
• Diploma Escuela Oficial de Idiomas (Spain).
• Master Microsoft Navision ERP Consultant (Financial/Stock Management/Marketing/CRM...).
• 15 years as a full time freelance translator, and use of English as language work in different international projects for several organizations (agriculture, mapping, development…) along 12 years of professional career as an agronomist.
• Member of Asetrad.
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