02:16 Sep 24, 2017 |
Russian to English translations [PRO] Military / Defense | |||||||
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| Selected response from: Sasha Spencer United States Local time: 18:18 | ||||||
Grading comment
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Summary of answers provided | ||||
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4 +1 | cavalry charge |
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4 | Lava formation |
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3 | Cossack formation |
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Discussion entries: 3 | |
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cavalry charge Explanation: cavalry charge Боевой порядок и способ тактических действий в конном рассыпном строю, заключающийся в охвате противника с флангов и тыла; отряд, построенный для таких действий. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 28 mins (2017-09-24 02:45:18 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- The shock value of a charge attack has been especially exploited in cavalry tactics, both of armored knights and lighter mounted troops of both earlier and later eras. Historians such as John Keegan have shown that when correctly prepared against (such as by improvising fortifications) and, especially, by standing firm in face of the onslaught, cavalry charges often failed against infantry, with horses refusing to gallop into the dense mass of enemies,[4] or the charging unit itself breaking up. However, when cavalry charges succeeded, it was usually due to the defending formation breaking up (often in fear) and scattering, to be hunted down by the enemy.[5] It must be noted, though, that while it was not recommended for a cavalry charge to continue against unbroken infantry, charges were still a viable danger to heavy infantry. Parthian lancers were noted to require significantly dense formations of Roman legionaries to stop, and Frankish knights were reported to be even harder to stop, if the writing of Anna Komnene is to be believed. However, only highly trained horses would voluntarily charge dense, unbroken enemy formations directly, and in order to be effective, a strong formation would have to be kept – such strong formations being the result of efficient training. Heavy cavalry lacking even a single part of this combination – composed of high morale, excellent training, quality equipment, individual prowess, and collective discipline of both the warrior and the mount – would suffer in a charge against unbroken heavy infantry, and only the very best heavy cavalrymen (e.g., knights and cataphracts) throughout history would own these in regards to their era and terrain. |
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Cossack formation Explanation: This is from Pushkin's poem: 5 не суйся к лаве– don't go toward the Cossack formation. The word “лава” is a specific Cossack military term; Pushkin italicizes it to emphasize its foreignness. https://books.google.com/books?id=tn-CBi71L1MC&pg=PA163&lpg=... ccccccccccccccccccccc -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 7 hrs (2017-09-24 09:18:58 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Of course, it is a Cossack cavalry formation cccccccc Итак, лава. Это комплекс боевых приемов для конницы включающий в себя стремительную атаку конников в рассыпном строю с охватом противника с флангов. http://www.ckwkazak-svao.ru/cossack-history/46-historical-ar... ccccccccc Без казачьих сабель не обошлась ни одна русско-турецкая война 18–19 веков, они участвовали в покорении Кавказа, завоевании Средней Азии, освоении Сибири и Дальнего Востока. Успехи казачьей конницы объяснялись умелым применением в боях нерегламентированных никакими уставами дедовских тактических приемов: лава (охват противника в рассыпном строю), оригинальная система разведочной и сторожевой службы и др. Эти унаследованные от степняков казачьи «обороты» оказывались особенно эффективны и неожиданны при столкновениях с армиями европейских государств. http://rozamira.nl/lib/ae/rus/kazaki.htm -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 7 hrs (2017-09-24 09:26:52 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- ccccccccccccc ccccccccccccc The way лава is used in the paragraphs (атак лавы, лава ворвалась) suggests a military formation: a loose, flanking Cossack cavalry formation. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 7 hrs (2017-09-24 09:29:55 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- ccccccccccccccccc ccccccccccccccccc The Lava - tactical formation In combat the Cossack regiments (of 5 sotnia each) usually used the so-called lava formation. The word lava is an abbreviation of the tartar word oblava, which means “hunting by driving game into an enclosed space.” The great extent of front covered by the lava made it possible simultaneously to envelop one flank of the enemy, and to direct attacks against his rear. In taking up the lava formation a sotnia first formed line of half-platoons 50 paces to the front, on the center platoon and then deployed that line so that there will be 1 Cossack for every 4 paces of front. In this manner sotnia (one hundred) covered a front of 400 m. One platoon followed the deployed line in close order. If this platoon also deployed, 1 NCO and 6 Cossacks remained with the guidon to mark the rallying point, the so-called majak (lighthouse). If necessary however the Cossacks could be formed in column or fight dismounted. http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/cossacks.htm#_vs_cuirassie... |
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Lava formation Explanation: As in Alfred Knox's "With the Russian Army": https://archive.org/stream/withrussianarmy101knoxuoft#page/1... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 day16 hrs (2017-09-25 18:31:01 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Sometimes also "Lava" https://www.rbth.com/defence/2014/09/08/like_a_whirlwind_the_lava_flows_of_russias_cossack_cavalry_39625.html https://books.google.com/books?id=xmgDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA190&lpg=PA190&dq=lava+in+cossack+army&source=bl&ots=PmO3I0nyY-&sig=intZ3i1p51ipbI4eBMSOm |
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