en charge et en droit

06:48 Jan 18, 2020
French to English translations [PRO]
Law/Patents - Law: Contract(s) / Property purchase agreement
French term or phrase: en charge et en droit
Les acquéreurs souffriront et exerceront les servitudes en charge et en droit, concernant l’immeuble vendu, régulièrement inscrites au Registre Foncier, ainsi que toutes les restrictions du droit de propriété légalement dispensées de l’inscription.
Eren Kutlu Carnì
Italy
Local time: 01:46


Summary of answers provided
5 +1all easements encumbering or benefiting the property
Helene_J
4servient easements and dominant easements (or see below)
Eliza Hall
3negative and positive easements (Scots law) servitudes
Adrian MM.
3 -3in charge and in law
Juan Arturo Blackmore Zerón
Summary of reference entries provided
Positive and negative easements
Germaine

Discussion entries: 34





  

Answers


13 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5 peer agreement (net): -3
in charge and in law


Explanation:
https://real-estate-law.freeadvice.com/real-estate-law/zonin...

Juan Arturo Blackmore Zerón
Mexico
Local time: 19:46
Works in field
Native speaker of: Spanish
PRO pts in category: 4

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
disagree  Eliza Hall: That doesn't mean anything in EN legalese (or everyday EN).
1 hr

disagree  AllegroTrans: You can't simply translate legal phrases like this on a word by word basis; what you have suggested means nothing and you are clearly out of your depth
2 hrs

disagree  Yvonne Gallagher: with other comments
28 days
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15 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
servient easements and dominant easements (or see below)


Explanation:
All right all right all right. By popular demand I will at last provide an answer :)

Two alternatives, au choix:
1. servient easements and dominant easements
2. as the dominant and servient estate

This is not about easements created by covenants vs. easements created by statutes. It's also not about negative vs. positive (a.k.a. affirmative) easements (see my @Adrian post in the discussion for why).

This is about whether the easement forces you to let your neighbor do something on or relating to your property (servitude en charge), or allows you to do something on or relating to your neighbor's property (servitude en droit).

Quote from a Swiss municipal meeting report:

"...l’exemple du cas où l’on s’entend avec son voisin pour construire à proximité d’une limite de propriété : on fait établir une servitude en droit, pour pouvoir occuper le terrain du voisin, qui lui, en charge, l’empêche de construire.

Si la canalisation passe par le terrain du voisin, c’est une servitude qu’il a lui en droit et le voisin en charge."

No direct link because it's a PDF; it was the first result on Google when I searched this term: "servitude en droit" passage suisse
It's entitled "Procès-verbal de la séance du Conseil municipal
du lundi 17 juin 2013" and is from the Ville du Grand-Saconnex.

The EN terms used to distinguish servitudes en charge/en droit are dominant and servient. The dominant estate is Neighbor A who has the right to do something on Neighbor B's land (which is called the servient estate): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easement#Dominant_and_servient...

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Note added at 15 hrs (2020-01-18 22:06:32 GMT)
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NOTICE to Adrian and SafeTex (and Eren): I will interpret your "agrees" as meaning "Not only are you right, Ms. Hall, but YOU RULE."
Hahahahahahaha! Omg I crack myself up.

Eliza Hall
United States
Local time: 20:46
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: English
PRO pts in category: 60

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
disagree  Adrian MM.: I originally thought of that facile distinction//You are mixing up with dominant & servient (UK) tenements and (US) estates - pieces of land.
5 mins

disagree  SafeTex: See Adrian's remarks. Looks like PayPal is a dead duck judging by all the disagrees. Hahahahahahaha!
3 hrs

disagree  AllegroTrans: So why is servient easement not "fonds servant"?
3 hrs
  -> Fonds servant = servient estate, not servient easement. PS: You may own a servient estate, but you can't suffer/souffrir one; what you're suffering, as the owner, is the servient easement.

agree  Germaine: with "dominant and servient easements". La plus fidèle traduction, à mon avis. https://casetext.com/case/csmc-2007-c1-old-country-office-ll...
22 hrs
  -> Merci.

agree  writeaway: Agree with Germaine.
5 days
  -> Merci.

agree  Yvonne Gallagher: also agree with Germaine (but no need for the superfluous comments)
28 days
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16 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5
les servitudes (CH) en charge et en droit
negative and positive easements (Scots law) servitudes


Explanation:
I have now decided to post my original idea of an easement burdening and with the benefit of the droit - entitlement.

Serviient and dominant refer, again, to the tenements (ENG law) or estates (US Am. law).

Example sentence(s):
  • USA: NORTH CAROLINA LAW REVIEWVolume 29|Number 4Article 96-1-1951Easements -- Creation by Covenant in Deed William C. Morris Jr.
  • L'inscription d'une servitude d'usage exclusif ou d'un bail annoté au Registre foncier en faveur de la Ville de Genève en charge des futurs DDPs octroyés à la FVGLS, sur une partie des niveaux 0 et 1, en vue de la réalisation d'une partie des équipe

    Reference: http://fiches-droit.com/servitude
Adrian MM.
Austria
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 86

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
disagree  Eliza Hall: INCORRECT. See (again) the link, and (if the link is somehow unclear) the discussion for an explanation: https://iconlegal.com.au/2017/01/23/understanding-positive-n... Your comment re "tenement" changes nothing: pos/neg easement IS WRONG.
10 mins
  -> Yes. I've read your link - have you? 'In this example, Avery’s land is getting some benefit from the easement and this makes it the Dominant *Tenement*. Brian’s land, which is serving a purpose for Avery, is known as the Servient *Tenement*.'

agree  SafeTex
1 hr
  -> Thanks for the support. Having studied (maddening) ENG land law near-half a century ago - before some translators & interpreters had even been born, I thought I had clinched most of the archaic terminology.

agree  AllegroTrans: Yes but I don't see the need to refer to Scots law
2 hrs
  -> Thanks. Scots law has been cited only to show that 'servitude' is commoner North of the Border, plus someone has to 'bang the Scottish drum' that often beats a familiar Roman civil-law rhythm..

disagree  Germaine: Eliza is right: both easements benefit the dominant owner who "suffers" nothing since he has rights over the servient tenement or restrains the servient owner. // Really? We don't read the same sources...
20 hrs
  -> he or she, if you don't mind - and the analysis is misguided as there is neither a double benefit to any party, nor is there a 'servient owner' - only the tenement or estate (land) can be.// I worked 40 years in BrE & FRE conveyancing.
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13 days   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5 peer agreement (net): +1
all easements encumbering or benefiting the property


Explanation:
I'm really sorry if anyone else has posted this in the discussion but I couldn't read everything.
All the other contributors have posted correct definitions of negative/affirmative easements and dominant/servient estates but I'm not sure that's exactly the point here. I think your specific sentence simply means that the property will be transferred to the buyers along with "all easements encumbering or benefiting it".
I hope this turn of phrase helps.

Helene_J
Local time: 01:46
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in FrenchFrench
PRO pts in category: 12

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Emiliano Pantoja
17 days
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Reference comments


1 day 12 hrs peer agreement (net): +3
Reference: Positive and negative easements

Reference information:
Positive easement
SYNONYMES: affirmative easement
An easement is positive when it entitles the dominant owner to make active use of the servient tenement, or to do some act which, in the absence of an easement, would be a nuisance or a trespass. Examples of positive easements are rights of way, the right to lead or discharge water over or on a neighbour's land, and the right to use or affect the water of a natural stream in a manner not justified by natural right.
Jowitt's Dict. of Eng. Law, 2e éd., vol. 1, p. 676.

ÉQUIVALENT 1: servitude positive
CONSTAT 1: servitude active
SOURCE: Kinder, P., et McCraken, S., Connaissance du droit : Systèmes judiciaires, principes et terminologie juridiques, Paris, L.G.D.J., 1980, p. 762.
CONSTAT 2: servitude positive
SOURCES: PAJLO, Dictionnaire canadien de la common law… Vanderlinden, Jacques, Gérard Snow et Donald Poirier, La common law de A à Z…

(contexte) Parmi les servitudes, les unes sont positives, donnant au grevant le droit d’exploiter activement le fonds servant (telles les servitudes d’eau et d’appui), les autres sont négatives, restreignant la liberté d’action du grevé (telle la servitude d’éclairement).
Vanderlinden, Jacques, Gérard Snow et Donald Poirier, La common law de A à Z, 2e édition, Cowansville (Québec), Yvon Blais, 2017, s.v. servitude.

ÉTUDES COMPARATIVE (DOMAINES CONNEXES)
servitude positive. - Servitude qui permet au propriétaire du fonds dominant de poser des actes déterminés sur le fonds servant. e.g. servitude de passage. - Martineau, Les biens, 4e éd., p. 167, sec. 3, no 1.
servitude active. - Servitude envisagée par rapport au fonds dominant. Rem. La servitude active constitue un droit et non une charge, par ex., le droit de passage résultant d'une servitude. - Crépeau, Dictionnaire de droit privé , 1985, p. 173

Negative easement
An easement is negative when it merely restrains the servient owner from exercising an ordinary right of ownership over his land; such are the rights of light and air and the acquired right of support.
Jowitt's Dict. of Eng. Law, 2e éd., vol. 1, p. 676.

(note) distinguer de "negative servitude".
C.L.E.F., Voc. bilingue de la Common Law: Droit des biens, tome I, 1986, p. 193.

ÉQUIVALENT 1: servitude négative
SOURCES: Vanderlinden, Jacques, Gérard Snow et Donald Poirier, La common law de A à Z… PAJLO…
CONSTAT 3: servitude passive
SOURCES: Ontario (Province), Lexique anglais-français du droit en Ontario… Kinder, P., et McCraken, S., Connaissance du droit : Systèmes judiciaires, principes et terminologie juridiques, Paris, L.G.D.J., 1980, p. 762.

ÉTUDES COMPARATIVE (DOMAINES CONNEXES)
servitude passive. - Servitude envisagée par rapport au fonds servant. Rem. La servitude passive constitue une charge et non un droit, par ex., la servitude de passage grevant le fonds servant. - Crépeau, Dict. de droit privé, 1985, p. 175.

servitude négative. - ((Servitude qui)) défend au propriétaire du fonds servant de faire quelque chose qu'il aurait le droit de faire selon le droit commun i.e. si la servitude n'existait pas e.g. servitude de non construction; servitude de ne pas construire à plus qu'une hauteur déterminée; servitude de ne pas construire à moins de telle distance de la ligne de division. - Martineau, Les biens, 4e éd., p. 167, sec. 3, no 2.


    Reference: http://www.juriterm.ca/
Germaine
Canada
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: French
PRO pts in category: 8

Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
agree  Eliza Hall: Great references. Yes, positive/negative easement is flatly incorrect as a translation here. Sorry, Adrian.
22 hrs
agree  writeaway
4 days
neutral  Adrian MM.: These references go to support my own answer.
5 days
agree  AllegroTrans: Agree with AMM - these actually support his answer
7 days
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