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grazing pressure

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22:54 Nov 12, 2008
English to Japanese translations [PRO]
Livestock / Animal Husbandry
Additional field(s): Environment & Ecology
English term or phrase: grazing pressure
Definition from IFAD:
The relationship between the number of animal units or forage intake units and the weight of forage dry matter per unit area at any point in time; an animal-to forage relationship. May be expressed as animal units or forage intake units to forage mass (animal units/forage mass at a specific time).

Example sentence(s):
  • An optimum grazing pressure is one in which available forage matches animal needs; this is analogous to the quantity of forage offered daily to animals in confinement when rations are balanced. The Pennsylvania State University
  • The different grazing pressures were obtained through different stocking rates, adjusted every 21 d according to forage mass, predicted forage production rate, and an estimated forage allowance of 10, 15 and 20 kg dry matter (DM) heifer-1 d-1 for high, medium, and low pressures, respectively. American Society of Agronomy
  • Stocking rate and annual average grazing pressure (with or without account for feral animals) did not appear to be, in themselves, good indicators of sustainability. Rather, the sustainability of different areas/systems and the impacts on sustainability of changes in management, e.g. stocking rates, may be assessed better through calculating year-to-year variability of the feed base, and periods of critical grazing pressure. cababstractsplus.org
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Summary of translations provided
5放牧圧
Yasutomo Kanazawa


Discussion entries: 1





  

Translations offered


98 days   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5
放牧圧


Definition from 5用語解説:
家畜の良好な発育と放牧地の維持のために示す放牧の強度を管理する指数のひとつで、一定の草地に何頭、何日間放牧したかを示す数値である。この数値が高いと放牧地の草が荒廃する恐れが高まる。
放牧圧＝{放牧頭数（通常体重500kgに換算、馬の場合）x 放牧日数}÷放牧面積(ha)
単位：頭数・日/ha）

Example sentence(s):
  • 草地の放牧利用による家畜生産は、採草利用に比べ単位面積当たりの家畜生産量が劣るといわれ、放牧を敬遠する理由として草地面積の不足を挙げる人が多い。 　確かに草地の放牧利用では、牧草と家畜の相互作用の部分のエネルギーの転換効率、言い換えると、家畜による牧草の採食利用率が低くなりやすい。そこが放牧利用における草地からの家畜生産効率の制限要因になっている場合が多い。 　しかし、日本の試験研究機関で実施された放牧による草地１haからの家畜生産量をみてみると、乳生産では4,000kg～11,500kg、肉牛の増体量では270kg～1,140kgもの幅がある。これは、放牧地の効率的な利用により、放牧地からの家畜生産量を改善できることが示されている。 - 畜産経営技術Ｑ＆Ａ  
  • 傾斜放牧草地の合理的な管理技術を確立するため、放牧圧と草生産の分布を地形条件を基軸に解析し、それに基づく地形区分を行った。その結果、凹型地形を持つ地点以外は、13度以下・13～16度・16度以上の３つに傾斜を区分して管理することが重要と考えられた。 - 傾斜放牧草地における放牧圧�  
  • 複雑な地形からなる山地傾斜地のような条件下にある草地の管理は、地形とそれに伴って変化する採食・踏圧・養分還元など放牧圧の分布を考慮して行われる必要がある。しかし、これらの問題については、未整理な部分が多く、体系的に十分理解されてない。そこで、合理的な草地管理技術の確立に資するために、傾斜放牧草地における放牧圧の分布を調査し、地形要因に関連づけて解析した。 - 傾斜放牧草地における放牧圧�  
Yasutomo Kanazawa
Japan
Local time: 08:07
Native speaker of: Native in JapaneseJapanese
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