请教:此处的“病害”如何处理较妥?

English translation: deterioration

09:09 May 26, 2014
Chinese to English translations [PRO]
Law/Patents - Archaeology / archaeology
Chinese term or phrase: 请教:此处的“病害”如何处理较妥?
请教:此处的“病害”如何处理较妥?

原文如下:
通过对该墓群X号墓坑的岩土工程勘察、土性试验和稳定性计算,可以找出该墓主要病害产生的原因。
Eureka Yeung
China
Local time: 09:48
English translation:deterioration
Explanation:
Deterioration通常用来描述由于环境因素而导致的考古学文物损害。

希望对您有所帮助!

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Note added at 16 hrs (2014-05-27 01:41:46 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

其实,您如果参阅一下Mr. Lin所提供的《石质文物病害分类与图示(报批稿)》,该文件的参考文献中有ISCS官方的文件: "ISCS Website, glossary in English list of terms of stone deterioration."

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 16 hrs (2014-05-27 01:46:41 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

ISCS官方英文版本的 "Illustrated Glossary on Stone Deterioration Patterns": http://openarchive.icomos.org/434/
Selected response from:

Aaron Gilkison (X)
United States
Local time: 21:48
Grading comment
very informative and helpful!
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +1deterioration
Aaron Gilkison (X)
5 -1diseases
David Lin
3defects and damages
Shepherdyu


Discussion entries: 7





  

Answers


3 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5
defects and damages


Explanation:
yes

Shepherdyu
China
Local time: 09:48
Native speaker of: Native in ChineseChinese
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11 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5 peer agreement (net): -1
diseases


Explanation:
一般来说,任何由生物给文物带来的损伤都可以称为生物病害;但从严格意义上讲,文物生物病害主要是指小型生物或微生物在生长过程中以文物,特别是一些有机质文物为营养源进行繁殖和传播,使文物常年遭受腐蚀,从而给文物造成损害;这种情况与人类的感染性疾病很相似,即病原生物也是利用人体为营养源进行繁殖和传播。

参阅下面 中华人民共和国国家文物局 发布有关石质文物病害的英文对照为

diseases of the ancient stone objects

另《中国文物信息网》的链接对于我国文物病害的定义有详细介绍。

如果只翻为 damages and defects 好像不大准确。

Example sentence(s):
  • The classification and symbols for the <u>diseases</u> of ancient stone objects 石质<u>文物病害</u>分类与图示

    Reference: http://www.ccrnews.com.cn/plus/view.php?aid=49540
    Reference: http://wenku.baidu.com/view/a9a6ef768e9951e79b8927d3.html
David Lin
United Kingdom
Local time: 01:48
Native speaker of: Chinese

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
disagree  Aaron Gilkison (X): With all respect, neither of your sources are English sources (we want to know how this concept is expressed by natives) and the equivalency provided between "病害" and "diseases" in the second document is an obvious mistranslation.
3 days 2 hrs
  -> I wish to agree but you've to provide evidence to substantiate your comment on two official and specialized websites. Otherwise it's hard to accept your comment.
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14 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
deterioration


Explanation:
Deterioration通常用来描述由于环境因素而导致的考古学文物损害。

希望对您有所帮助!

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 16 hrs (2014-05-27 01:41:46 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

其实,您如果参阅一下Mr. Lin所提供的《石质文物病害分类与图示(报批稿)》,该文件的参考文献中有ISCS官方的文件: "ISCS Website, glossary in English list of terms of stone deterioration."

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 16 hrs (2014-05-27 01:46:41 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

ISCS官方英文版本的 "Illustrated Glossary on Stone Deterioration Patterns": http://openarchive.icomos.org/434/

Example sentence(s):
  • The findings, published in Tuesday's (10/30) issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, may explain why many artifacts within the tomb have deteriorated, despite the fact they were constructed of decay-resistant wood, Filley says.
  • Archaeological wood from many different Ancient Egyptian tombs and diverse areas along the Nile Valley was (sic) examined to identify the type of deterioration present and to evaluate the current condition of the wood.

    Reference: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2001-10/pu-skm103101....
    Reference: http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/3179670?uid=3737800&ui...
Aaron Gilkison (X)
United States
Local time: 21:48
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: English
PRO pts in category: 4
Grading comment
very informative and helpful!

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Mark MacDermot: 'Degradation', which also appears in your links, might be OK too. 'Types/patterns of deterioration' for subdividing: unnecessary for the poster, but the 文物局 document might be 'Types of deterioration in ancient stone objects: classification and symbols'
9 hrs
  -> Thank you, Mr. MacDermot. Yes, I feel that "degradation" would work as well.

agree  jyuan_us
1 day 23 hrs
  -> Thank you!

disagree  David Lin: See my discussion entry above. Moreover, your references provide only the English word 'deterioration' that does not correspond with the source word 病害。.
2 days 22 hrs
  -> My references describe the phenomenon in the appropriate context with the terminology used by native English-speaking professionals in the field.
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