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manilles

English translation: \'manilla\' = third-level base built on top of the second-level \'folre\'

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
Catalan term or phrase:manilles
English translation:\'manilla\' = third-level base built on top of the second-level \'folre\'
Entered by: S Ben Price

22:11 Jun 17, 2013
Catalan to English translations [PRO]
Sports / Fitness / Recreation / Castells
Catalan term or phrase: manilles
What exactly are manilles? Based on the photos I've seen, it seems to be a level of people that stands on the shoulders of the foldre (which I understand to be a second level of people who support the third level), and supports the fourth level of the castell. So, it would go ground level, foldre, manilles, and then whatever kind of tower they are building.

As you can see, my rough draft is just a mess, too many parentheses and sub-parentheses and italics. Any idea how to clean it up?

This thing really needs a glossary, or even an illustration to explain the terminology. But I don't know if the client will go for that, and this is due on Wednesday the 18th around noon Catalan time. I can only suggest it.

Cheers, to UK English.

Orig
Des de llavors, en els concursos s'hi han pogut veure castells com el 4 de 9 amb folre i agulla, cinc de 9 amb folre, 2 de 9 amb folre i manilles, 3 de 10 amb folre i manilles, pilar de 8 amb folre i manilles....

Rough draft
Since then, competitions have included “castells com el 4 de 9 amb folre i agulla” (9 levels, four person core, with secondary support level and the agulla, or “needle”), “5 de 9 amb folre” (9 levels, 5 person core, with a second level supporting the third level), “2 de 9 amb folre i manilles” (9 levels, 2 person core, with a second level supporting the third level (folre), and a third level supporting the fouth (manilles)), “3 de 10 amb folre i manilles” (10 levels, with a three person core, a second level supporting the third level (folre), and a third level supporting the fouth (manilles)), “pilar de 8 amb folre i manilles (an 8 level tower with a core of one person per level, a second level supporting the third level (folre), and a third level supporting the fouth(manilles))”...
S Ben Price
Spain
Local time: 04:05
'manilla' = third-level base built on top of the second-level 'folre'
Explanation:
There is a short glossary in this Wikipedia article. My daughter is the acotxadora - also known as aixecador(a) - (and also sometimes the enxaneta) in our local group. Our group is quite new and we have only built castells de 6 up to now - therefore none with folres or manilles!

HTH


Sheila




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castell#Terminology
Castells are primarily described by number of people in each level and the total number of levels, and sometimes also by a style of formation. Levels are composed of between one and five individuals standing on the shoulders of the level below.
Common terms indicating the number of people for each level of a tower:
Pilar (Eng. "pillar"): one person per level
Torre ("tower"): two people per level
Tres : three people per level
Quatre : four people per level
Cinc : five people per level
Numbers of levels most commonly built:
Sis : six levels high
Set : seven levels
Vuit : eight levels
Nou : nine levels
Deu : ten levels
Very high towers and ones with a small number of people on each level normally need extra support from the base or bottom levels. These base levels are frequently indicated as part of the name of the tower. Three kinds of base levels are most commonly used:
Pinya ("bulk"): the ground-level base, often composed of several hundred people. All towers have this, but it is never mentioned in the name.
Folre ("cover"/"lining"): a second-level base built on top of the pinya. It is always mentioned when used.
Manilles ("handles"/"handcuffs"): a third-level base built on top of the second-level folre. It is always mentioned when used.
The word agulla ("needle") refers to a high column of one person per level which is built inside the main tower. When the castell is being dismantled, the agulla must remain standing until the outside part of the castell is already down.
Another aspect of castell nomenclature refers to how successfully the tower was completed. Four terms are used:
Descarregat : the tower is completed to the top and successfully dismantled
Carregat : the tower is completed to the top, but falls during dismantling
Intent : a failed attempt before it is completed to the top
Intent desmuntat : the tower is not completed to the top, but is successfully dismantled (in case of a predictable fall)

Pilar de sis: one person per level in a tower of six levels. If nothing else is mentioned, this means that the tower had the bottom base-level pinya (as always) and was successfully dismantled (descarregat).
Torre de set: two people per level in a tower of seven stories.
Cinc de nou amb folre: five people at each level in a tower of nine levels, with a second-level folre built on top of the base-level pinya.
Quatre de vuit amb agulla: four people at each level in a tower of eight levels, with an interior agulla.
Tres de deu amb folre i manilles: three people per level in a tower of ten levels, with a second-level folre and a third-level manilles.
Castellers[edit]
cap de colla ("band leader"): The head of each team, who decides which castells the team is ready to attempt and directs the construction of the castells from the ground. The cap de colla is always accompanied by a number of assistants and advisers.
cap de pinya one of the band leaders's assistants who takes particular responsibility for the allocation of places in the pinya, ensuring even force is applied to the base of the castell. The cap de pinya will allocate first, second and third hands, first and second dice, laterals etc. depending on the size of the castell.
pom de dalt ("top bunch"): The top three levels of the castell: dosos, aixecador, and enxaneta.
dosos ("the twos"): The level sustaining and locked together by the aixecador and surmounted by the enxenata. Generally kids.
aixecador ("riser"): The person who helps lock together the dosos so providing a stable platform for the enxaneta who stands astride the aixecador. Almost always a child.
enxaneta ("rider") : The topmost casteller, a child.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 8 hrs (2013-06-18 06:20:41 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

You might also find this useful: The basic features of the idea of the ‘castells’ are the structures built using the strength of a group of people. These structures feature three constant parts and three variable parts. Of the first, there is the ‘pinya’ [pinecone], formed by the people who support the castle; the ‘tronc’ [trunk], which comprises the levels prior to the ‘pom de dalt’ [top bunch]; and the ‘pom de dalt’, composed of three levels of two people, plus the ‘acotxador’ (or ‘aixecador’) [riser] and the ‘enxaneta’ [child at the top]. The variable parts are the ‘folre’ [cover/lining], which is located above the ‘pinya’ and provides support in the most difficult structures; the ‘manilles’ [handles], on top of the ‘folre’ and used in ‘pilars de 8’ [one person per level in an eight-level tower], ‘torres de 9’ [two people per level in a nine-level tower] or ‘castells de 10’ [three people per level in a ten-level tower]; and the ‘puntals’ [props], situated above the ‘manilles’ in exceptional cases such as the ‘pilar de 9’ with ‘folre’, ‘manilles’ and ‘puntals’. The ‘tronc’ is the part of the castle that not only determines the structure’s difficulty, but also gives it its name. Except in a few cases of proper names –the ‘Carro Gros’ [large cart] for a four-person per level eight-level tower, and the ‘Catedral’ [cathedral] for a five-person per level eight-level tower–, each castle is named by the number of levels and by the ‘castellers’ in each level: a ‘3 de 6’ is therefore a castle of six levels with three people on each level.

http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/culturacatalana/menuitem...

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 10 hrs (2013-06-18 09:01:08 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

You're welcome. If you have any other questions about castells, please feel free to ask - thanks to my daughter and my partner (who is in the pinya), I've learnt a lot about castells over the last few months :)
Selected response from:

Sheila Hardie
Spain
Local time: 04:05
Grading comment
Thank you, Sheila! :)
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4'manilla' = third-level base built on top of the second-level 'folre'
Sheila Hardie


  

Answers


8 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
manilla
'manilla' = third-level base built on top of the second-level 'folre'


Explanation:
There is a short glossary in this Wikipedia article. My daughter is the acotxadora - also known as aixecador(a) - (and also sometimes the enxaneta) in our local group. Our group is quite new and we have only built castells de 6 up to now - therefore none with folres or manilles!

HTH


Sheila




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castell#Terminology
Castells are primarily described by number of people in each level and the total number of levels, and sometimes also by a style of formation. Levels are composed of between one and five individuals standing on the shoulders of the level below.
Common terms indicating the number of people for each level of a tower:
Pilar (Eng. "pillar"): one person per level
Torre ("tower"): two people per level
Tres : three people per level
Quatre : four people per level
Cinc : five people per level
Numbers of levels most commonly built:
Sis : six levels high
Set : seven levels
Vuit : eight levels
Nou : nine levels
Deu : ten levels
Very high towers and ones with a small number of people on each level normally need extra support from the base or bottom levels. These base levels are frequently indicated as part of the name of the tower. Three kinds of base levels are most commonly used:
Pinya ("bulk"): the ground-level base, often composed of several hundred people. All towers have this, but it is never mentioned in the name.
Folre ("cover"/"lining"): a second-level base built on top of the pinya. It is always mentioned when used.
Manilles ("handles"/"handcuffs"): a third-level base built on top of the second-level folre. It is always mentioned when used.
The word agulla ("needle") refers to a high column of one person per level which is built inside the main tower. When the castell is being dismantled, the agulla must remain standing until the outside part of the castell is already down.
Another aspect of castell nomenclature refers to how successfully the tower was completed. Four terms are used:
Descarregat : the tower is completed to the top and successfully dismantled
Carregat : the tower is completed to the top, but falls during dismantling
Intent : a failed attempt before it is completed to the top
Intent desmuntat : the tower is not completed to the top, but is successfully dismantled (in case of a predictable fall)

Pilar de sis: one person per level in a tower of six levels. If nothing else is mentioned, this means that the tower had the bottom base-level pinya (as always) and was successfully dismantled (descarregat).
Torre de set: two people per level in a tower of seven stories.
Cinc de nou amb folre: five people at each level in a tower of nine levels, with a second-level folre built on top of the base-level pinya.
Quatre de vuit amb agulla: four people at each level in a tower of eight levels, with an interior agulla.
Tres de deu amb folre i manilles: three people per level in a tower of ten levels, with a second-level folre and a third-level manilles.
Castellers[edit]
cap de colla ("band leader"): The head of each team, who decides which castells the team is ready to attempt and directs the construction of the castells from the ground. The cap de colla is always accompanied by a number of assistants and advisers.
cap de pinya one of the band leaders's assistants who takes particular responsibility for the allocation of places in the pinya, ensuring even force is applied to the base of the castell. The cap de pinya will allocate first, second and third hands, first and second dice, laterals etc. depending on the size of the castell.
pom de dalt ("top bunch"): The top three levels of the castell: dosos, aixecador, and enxaneta.
dosos ("the twos"): The level sustaining and locked together by the aixecador and surmounted by the enxenata. Generally kids.
aixecador ("riser"): The person who helps lock together the dosos so providing a stable platform for the enxaneta who stands astride the aixecador. Almost always a child.
enxaneta ("rider") : The topmost casteller, a child.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 8 hrs (2013-06-18 06:20:41 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

You might also find this useful: The basic features of the idea of the ‘castells’ are the structures built using the strength of a group of people. These structures feature three constant parts and three variable parts. Of the first, there is the ‘pinya’ [pinecone], formed by the people who support the castle; the ‘tronc’ [trunk], which comprises the levels prior to the ‘pom de dalt’ [top bunch]; and the ‘pom de dalt’, composed of three levels of two people, plus the ‘acotxador’ (or ‘aixecador’) [riser] and the ‘enxaneta’ [child at the top]. The variable parts are the ‘folre’ [cover/lining], which is located above the ‘pinya’ and provides support in the most difficult structures; the ‘manilles’ [handles], on top of the ‘folre’ and used in ‘pilars de 8’ [one person per level in an eight-level tower], ‘torres de 9’ [two people per level in a nine-level tower] or ‘castells de 10’ [three people per level in a ten-level tower]; and the ‘puntals’ [props], situated above the ‘manilles’ in exceptional cases such as the ‘pilar de 9’ with ‘folre’, ‘manilles’ and ‘puntals’. The ‘tronc’ is the part of the castle that not only determines the structure’s difficulty, but also gives it its name. Except in a few cases of proper names –the ‘Carro Gros’ [large cart] for a four-person per level eight-level tower, and the ‘Catedral’ [cathedral] for a five-person per level eight-level tower–, each castle is named by the number of levels and by the ‘castellers’ in each level: a ‘3 de 6’ is therefore a castle of six levels with three people on each level.

http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/culturacatalana/menuitem...

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 10 hrs (2013-06-18 09:01:08 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

You're welcome. If you have any other questions about castells, please feel free to ask - thanks to my daughter and my partner (who is in the pinya), I've learnt a lot about castells over the last few months :)

Sheila Hardie
Spain
Local time: 04:05
Works in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 8
Grading comment
Thank you, Sheila! :)
Notes to answerer
Asker: Thanks, this is extremely helpful.

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