świadczenia i ciężary
English translation: levies and burdens
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| 13:59 Jun 14, 2020 |
| Polish to English translations [PRO] Law/Patents - Law (general) | |||||||
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|  Selected response from: Frank Szmulowicz, Ph. D. United States Local time: 11:22 | ||||||
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| Summary of answers provided | ||||
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| 4 | contributions and charges |
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| 3 +1 | levies and burdens |
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| Discussion entries: 1 | |
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Answers
9 mins confidence: 
contributions and charges Explanation: Myrczak Ewa, Dictionary of Law Terms, 282. |
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1 hr confidence: peer agreement (net): +1
peer agreement (net): +1levies and burdens Explanation: There are nuances in translating świadczenia. Many Polish authors use "benefits," which I do not understand. For example: ŚWIADCZENIA NA RZECZ PODNOSZENIA POTENCJAŁU OBRONNEGO PAŃSTWA The Constitution of the Republic of Poland imposes a number of public burdens on the citizens. One of them is the benefits that citizens can bear for the defense of the state?????. There is no obligation to provide benefits if they are not imposed in the manner specified by the relevant legislation. In this sense, they are optional, not obligatory. It is only obligatory when the burden is imposed on citizens. The organizational unit that has its complementary needs has its resources. Benefits that may be used under the general duty of defense will be personal, material and special. They can be applied to perform tasks in this state as well as in time of peace for mobilization and war, and if mobilization is announced and during the war. http://wiedzaobronna.edu |
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