agglomérés plastiques
English translation: Particleboard / particle board
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| 18:22 Jan 25, 2018 |
| French to English translations [PRO] Art/Literary - Furniture / Household Appliances / contemporary furniture design | |||||||
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|  Selected response from: Johannes Gleim Local time: 22:38 | ||||||
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| Summary of answers provided | ||||
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| 5 | Particleboards |
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| 4 +1 | plastic-laminated particle board |
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| Discussion entries: 17 | |
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Answers
9 hrs confidence: 
Particleboards Explanation: Les panneaux d’aggloméré sont fabriqués avec des copeaux de bois pressés avec de la colle. Dans les plaques fabriquées par compression à plat, les copeaux sont principalement orientés vers la surface. Les copeaux de la couche de surface sont plus fins, ainsi la surface du panneau d’aggloméré est plus compacte et plus dense qu’au centre. Dans les plaques d’aggloméré standard, la colle utilisée est essentiellement une résine urée-formaldéhyde. La quantité de colle dans l’aggloméré est inférieure à 10 %, et la plupart des panneaux avec revêtement sont classés dans la classe d’émissions M1 des matériaux de surface. La classification des matériaux comprend les valeurs limites d’émission des matériaux destinés à l’utilisation intérieure. La classe M1 comprend les matériaux qui ont été testés pour leur niveau d’émissions, ainsi ce sont des matériaux dont les émissions nocives sont en dessous des exigences les plus strictes. Du point de vue de ses caractéristiques principales, l’aggloméré est comparable au bois. De plus, son mode de fabrication présente les avantages suivants : la direction des fils est sans importancele panneau d’aggloméré est compact et sa résistance identique dans les différentes directionsle degré de dilatation du panneau est faible La densité de l’aggloméré varie entre 650 et 750 kg/m3, ce qui le rend nettement plus lourd que les produits en bois de conifères. CLASSES DE QUALITÉ DES PANNEAUX D’AGGLOMÉRÉ Les panneaux d’aggloméré sont répartis en sept catégories différentes sur la base de leurs caractéristiques conformes à la norme paneuropéenne SFS-EN 312. La classe du panneau d’aggloméré est indiquée par la lettre P accompagnée d’un chiffre. https://www.woodproducts.fi/fr/content/panneau-dagglomere-ou... BS EN 312:2010 Particleboards. Specifications BS EN 312 is a European Standard which specifies the requirements for flat-pressed or calendar-pressed unfaced particleboards as defined in EN 309. Contents of BS EN 312: Foreword 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Classifications 5 General requirements for all board types 6 Requirement values 7 Requirements for general purpose boards for use in dry conditions (Type P1) 8 Requirements for boards for interior fitments (including furniture) for use in dry conditions (Type P2) 9 Requirements for non load-bearing boards for use in humid conditions (Type P3) 9.1 General 9.2 Mechanical and swelling properties 9.3 Moisture resistance 10 Requirements for load-bearing boards for use in dry conditions (Type P4) 11 Requirements for load-bearing boards for use in humid conditions (Type P5) 11.1 General 11.2 Mechanical and swelling properties 11.3 Moisture resistance 12 Requirements for heavy duty load-bearing boards for use in dry conditions (Type P6) 13 Requirements for heavy duty load-bearing boards for use in humid conditions (Type P7) 13.1 General 13.2 Mechanical and swelling properties 13.3 Moisture resistance 14 Supplementary properties 15 Verification of compliance 15.1 General 15.2 External control 15.3 Factory production control 16 Marking 16.1 Boards marketed within the European Economic Area for construction applications 16.2 Other Boards Annex A (normative) Voluntary colour coding system for particleboards Bibliography https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030202... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 9 Stunden (2018-01-26 03:52:51 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Standard Number BS EN 309:2005 Title Particleboards. Definition and classification Status Current Publication Date 09 February 2005 Cross Reference sprEN 300, EN 312, EN 13986 Replaces BS EN 309:1992 International Relationships EN 309:2005 Draft Superseded By 04/30113290 DC Descriptors Particle boards, Woodbased sheet materials, Wood products, Definitions, Classification systems ICS79.060.20 Title in French Panneaux de particules. Definition et classification Title in GermanSpanplatten. Definition und Klassifizierung https://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030113... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 23 Stunden (2018-01-26 17:45:37 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Particle board – also known as particleboard, low-density fibreboard (LDF), and chipboard – is an engineered wood product manufactured from wood chips, sawmill shavings, or even sawdust, and a synthetic resin or other suitable binder, which is pressed and extruded.[1] Oriented strand board, also known as flakeboard, waferboard, or chipboard, is similar but uses machined wood flakes offering more strength. All of these are composite materials[2] that belong to the spectrum of fiberboard products. : Particle board is cheaper, denser and more uniform than conventional wood and plywood and is substituted for them when cost is more important than strength and appearance. However, particleboard can be made more attractive by painting or the use of wood veneers onto surfaces that will be visible. Though it is denser than conventional wood, it is the lightest and weakest type of fiberboard, except for insulation board. Medium-density fibreboard and hardboard, also called high-density fiberboard, are stronger and denser than particleboard. Different grades of particleboard have different densities, with higher density connoting greater strength and greater resistance to failure of screw fasteners. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_board -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 23 Stunden (2018-01-26 17:54:29 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Continued: Particleboard or chipboard is manufactured by mixing wood particles or flakes together with a resin and forming the mixture into a sheet. The raw material to be used for the particles is fed into a disc chipper with between four and sixteen radially arranged blades (the chips from disk chippers are more uniform in shape and size than from other types of wood chipper). The particles are then dried, after which any oversized or undersized particles are screened out. Resin is then mist-sprayed through fine nozzles onto the particles. There are several types of resins that are commonly used. Amino-formaldehyde based resins are the best performing when considering cost and ease of use. Urea Melamine resins are used to offer water resistance with increased melamine offering enhanced resistance. It is typically used where the panel is used in external applications due to the increased water resistance offered by phenolic resins and also the colour of the resin resulting in a darker panel. Melamine Urea phenolic formaldehyde resins exist as a compromise. To enhance the panel properties even further the use of resorcinol resins typically mixed with phenolic resins are used, but this is usually used with plywood for marine applications and a rare occasion in panel production. Panel production involves various other chemicals—including wax, dyes, wetting agents, release agents—to make the final product water resistant, fireproof, insect proof, or to give it some other quality. The particles then pass through a mist of resin sufficient to coat all surfaces and are then layered, first into a continuous carpet. This 'carpet' is then separated into discrete, rectangular 'blankets' which will then be compacted in a cold press. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_board The correct French term is "Panneau de particules de bois" Selon la norme afnor NF EN 309, un panneau de particules de bois est un matériau en plaque fabriqué sous pression et chaleur à partir de particules de bois avec addition d'un liant organique ou minéral1. L'épaisseur d'un panneau de particules de bois varie entre 3 et 50 mm2. Des épaisseurs supérieures allant jusqu'à 70 mm sont généralement réservés à la réalisation de cloisons. Ce type de panneau est composé de morceaux de bois plus grosses que ceux des panneaux de fibres à densité moyenne et des panneaux de fibres à haute densité. Ce n'est pas la seule différence, les panneaux de particules sont réalisés à base de copeaux coupés-broyés alors que les panneaux de fibres, comme son nom l'indique, sont confectionnés avec du bois défibré, sans liant pour tous sauf pour les panneasu de fibres à densité moyenne (MDF). : es panneaux de particules de bois sont fabriqués selon un procédé appelé sec ou à sec6. Lors de ce procédé, un liant est utilisé. Ce liant peut être : • organique (majorité des cas) : résine comme les phénols-formaldéhydes et urées-formaldéhydes et d'isocyanate (majoritairement utilisé de nos jours, pour les panneaux dit d'intérieurs). Les phénols-formaldéhydes sont utilisés pour les panneaux destinés à un milieu humide, dalles de toiture, bardage etc. Ce liant permet d'obtenir un collage dit non réversible, c'est-à-dire que le liant ne redevient pas à son état pâteux au contact de l'eau ou d'une forte humidité. • inorganique (plus rarement) : ciment (panneau de particules liées au ciment), magnésie. Ce procédé suit les étapes suivantes : broyage des morceaux de bois pour former des particules, séchage des particules, triage des particules, encollage des particules, conformation du mat, pressage, cuisson, stabilisation et enfin mise à dimension. Les panneaux à base de liants organiques contiennent généralement et émettent du formaldéhyde, molécules contributrices aux risques de leucémie et cancers. Il peut s'agir d'un des principaux polluants intérieurs. https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panneau_de_particules_de_bois -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 23 Stunden (2018-01-26 18:21:54 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- L'article « Agglomérés plastiques » n'existe pas sur ce wiki ! Vous souhaitez le créer ? Vérifiez auparavant que le sujet n'a pas déjà été traité dans les résultats ci-dessous, puis assurez-vous qu'il est admissible dans l'encyclopédie. https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=agglomérés plast... but used by laymen and business: vis pour agglomérés et plastiques https://www.otelo.fr/catalogue/vis-agglomeres-plastiques.htm... LAMES DE SCIE SABRE ET SAUTEUSE LAMES DE SCIES SAUTEUSES lames de scies sauteuses "BOSCH" emmanchement à simple accroche - pour scies sauteuses BOSCH, AEG, ELU, FESTO, HITACHI, HOLZHER, MAKITA, METABO, HAFFNER et MAFFEL pour BOIS 5 lames scie sauteuse T 101 BRF - bois, agglomérés, plastiques - 30 mm - pas 2,5 - L 75 mm http://www.balitrand.fr/fr/5-lames-scie-sauteuse-t-101-brf-b... LAME HCS - FRAISEES ONDULEES Pour bois durs et tendres, contre-plaqué, panneaux agglomérés plastiques, plexiglas et panneaux isolants LAMES HCS - FRAISEES ONDULEES Découpes de courbes serrées dans les bois durs et tendres, contre-plaqué, panneaux agglomérés ... https://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd... Descriptif : Vis HECO Fix-Plus - Tête ronde Pozidriv - Filetage total - Ø4,5x30 - Zingué argent - Boite de 500 - 8371 Haut de page ▲ Vis à bois universelle tête ronde, filetage total Pour bois, panneaux agglomérés, plastiques, tôles légères Traitement thermique haute résistance, surface lubrifiée à sec Filet simple, à pointe effilé à 22° Empreinte cruciforme pozidrive Finition : acier zingué bichromaté ou zingué argent Conditionnement par boîte https://www.cdiscount.com/bricolage/outillage/vis-heco-fix-p... Cela étant, quand on on évoque les COV, on parle généralement des substances d'origine pétrolière qu'il vaut mieux éviter de respirer, telles les solvants pour peinture et vernis, et les émanations de nombreux produits pour le bricolage (colles, décapants, vitrifiants, résines synthétiques), de produits ménagers (imperméabilisants, produits de nettoyage, insecticide, sprays d'ambiance), de matériaux de construction (mousse isolante, bois agglomérés, plastiques) et d'objets domestiques (appareils électriques et électroniques, meubles et jouets en plastique). http://www.air-lorraine.org/actualites/635-comment-conserver... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 Tag 15 Stunden (2018-01-27 10:19:04 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Normally such furniture shows intarsia, made from wood veneer, glued onto the table, polished and waxed. Intarsia is a form of wood inlaying that is similar to marquetry. The start of the practice dates before the seventh century. : Intarsia is a woodworking technique that uses varied shapes, sizes, and species of wood fitted together to create a mosaic-like picture with an illusion of depth. Intarsia is created through the selection of different types of wood, using their natural grain pattern and color (but can involve the use of stains and dyes) to create variations in the pattern. After selecting the specific woods to be used within the pattern, each piece is then individually cut, shaped, and finished. Sometimes areas of the pattern are raised to create more depth. : Once the individual pieces are complete, they are fitted together like a jig-saw puzzle and glued to wood backing which is sometimes cut to the outline shape of the image, often with the intention of creating a three-dimensional effect as seen in the studiolo of the Palazzo Ducale, Urbino. Marble intarsia (opere di commessi), called pietre dura in English for the semi-precious hardstones combined with colored marbles that are employed, is an intarsia of coloured stones inlaid in white or black marble. Early examples in Florence date from the mid fifteenth century and reached a peak of refinement and complexity in revetments of the Medici Chapel, produced under Medici patronage in the Opificio delle Pietre Dure, which was established by Ferdinando I de’ Medici. Later complex designs and refinement of the art developed in Naples circa the beginning of the 17th century. : Today intarsia can be made from purchased patterns. To make intarsia from a pattern, first wood is chosen based on color and grain pattern. Next the pattern is transferred onto the wood and individual pieces are precisely cut out on the band saw or scroll saw. Those pieces are then sanded individually or in groups to add depth to the piece. Once the sanding is completed, the wood pieces are fitted together to form the final result. A finish (for example a clear gel stain) can be applied to the individual pieces before gluing, or to the glued final version.[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intarsia Even if counterfeit, modern plastic coated chipwood (melamine resin or similar) does not have the same appearance and cannot be sold as such. Melamine resin is often used to saturate decorative paper that is laminated under heat and pressure and then pasted onto particle board; the resulting panel, often called melamine, is commonly used in ready-to-assemble furniture and kitchen cabinets. Melamine is available in diverse sizes and thicknesses, as well as a large number of colors and patterns. The sheets are heavy; the resin is prone to chipping when being cut with conventional table saws.[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melamine_resin -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 3 Tage 18 Stunden (2018-01-29 12:37:02 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Parkesine (nitrocellulose) is considered the first man-made plastic. The plastic material was patented by Alexander Parkes, in Birmingham, England in 1856.[19] It was unveiled at the 1862 Great International Exhibition in London.[20] Parkesine won a bronze medal at the 1862 World's fair in London. Parkesine was made from cellulose (the major component of plant cell walls) treated with nitric acid as a solvent. The output of the process (commonly known as cellulose nitrate or pyroxilin) could be dissolved in alcohol and hardened into a transparent and elastic material that could be molded when heated.[21] By incorporating pigments into the product, it could be made to resemble ivory. : In 1897, the Hanover, Germany mass printing press owner Wilhelm Krische was commissioned to develop an alternative to blackboards.[22] The resultant horn-like plastic made from the milk protein casein was developed in cooperation with the Austrian chemist (Friedrich) Adolph Spitteler (1846–1940). The final result was unsuitable for the original purpose.[23] In 1893, French chemist Auguste Trillat discovered the means to insolubilize casein by immersion in formaldehyde, producing material marketed as galalith.[22] In the early 1900s, Bakelite, the first fully synthetic thermoset, was reported by Belgian chemist Leo Baekeland by using phenol and formaldehyde. After World War I, improvements in chemical technology led to an explosion in new forms of plastics, with mass production beginning in the 1940s and 1950s (around World War II).[24] Among the earliest examples in the wave of new polymers were polystyrene (PS), first produced by BASF in the 1930s,[3] and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), first created in 1872 but commercially produced in the late 1920s.[3] In 1923, Durite Plastics Inc. was the first manufacturer of phenol-furfural resins.[25] In 1933, polyethylene was discovered by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) researchers Reginald Gibson and Eric Fawcett.[3] In 1954, polypropylene was discovered by Giulio Natta and began to be manufactured in 1957.[3] In 1954, expanded polystyrene (used for building insulation, packaging, and cups) was invented by Dow Chemical.[3] Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)'s discovery is credited to employees of the Calico Printers' Association in the UK in 1941; it was licensed to DuPont for the USA and ICI otherwise, and as one of the few plastics appropriate as a replacement for glass in many circumstances, resulting in widespread use for bottles in Europe.[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic#History Conclusion: The "plastic" at that time was predominantly "Bakelite", what has totally different feeling than wood- or cellulose-based material and looks very different. Perhaps "horn" was tried, but could not be regarded as sufficient for such furniture. Galalith (Erinoid in the United Kingdom) is a synthetic plastic material manufactured by the interaction of casein and formaldehyde. The commercial name is derived from the Greek words gala (milk) and lithos (stone). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galalith (Note: Inappropriate for furniture, acc. MHO). Partially nitrated cellulose has found uses as a plastic film and in inks and wood coatings.[2] In 1862 the first man-made plastic, nitrocellulose (branded Parkesine), was created by Alexander Parkes from cellulose treated with nitric acid and a solvent. In 1868, American inventor John Wesley Hyatt developed a plastic material he named Celluloid, improving on Parkes' invention by plasticizing the nitrocellulose with camphor so that it could be processed into finished form and used as a photographic film. Celluloid was used by Kodak, and other suppliers, from the late 1880s as a film base in photography, X-ray films, and motion picture films, and was known as nitrate film. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrocellulose Could it be "celluloid" glued and ironed onto tables? -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 3 Tage 18 Stunden (2018-01-29 12:42:32 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- The particleboards originated in Germany. Firstly produced particleboard is dated back to 1887, when Hubbard made so-called "artificial wood" made from wood flour and albumin based adhesive, consolidated under high temperature and pressure. [4] Although the use of two or three layers of wood veneer is ancient, modern 4' x 8' sheets of plywood with 5-11 core layers of veneer were invented in the early 20th century, and began to become common by the Second World War. During the war, phenolic resin was more readily accessible than top grade wood veneer in Germany, and Luftwaffe pilot and inventor Max Himmelheber played a role in making the first sheets of particleboard, which were little more than pourings of floor sweepings, wood chips, and ground up off-cuts and glue.[citation needed] The first commercial piece was produced during World War II at a factory in Bremen, Germany. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_board |
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1 day 31 mins confidence: 
peer agreement (net): +1
peer agreement (net): +1| aggloméré plastique plastic-laminated particle board Explanation: Given the context, this seems the only logical soluyion that completely addresses the source term. Note that in EN the plural may or may not be required; certainly, there may be different kinds of particle boards, but in the context as given, it is not obvious that the plural is actually necessary; it's one of those cases where in EN we sometimes use a singular as a kind of 'collective plural', like saying 'sheep' instead of 'sheeps'! -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 3 jours 22 heures (2018-01-29 16:33:41 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- I think in this case the writer couldn't have had the modern-day meaning in mind, but must have been referring to almost any kind of 'modern' substitute material replacing 'propeer' solid wood; as such, 'plastique' would have its older original sense, probably with the connotation of "artificial / synthetic" |
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