GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW) | ||||||
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11:35 Apr 29, 2016 |
German to English translations [PRO] Tech/Engineering - Transport / Transportation / Shipping / Railways | |||||||
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| Selected response from: Inter-Tra Italy Local time: 07:20 | ||||||
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Summary of answers provided | ||||
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5 | 1 in___ |
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3 +1 | per mille |
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5 -1 | ‰ |
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3 | per mille |
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Discussion entries: 6 | |
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per mille Explanation: please see link https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade_(slope) |
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per mille Explanation: Computers in Railways XI: Computer System Design and Operation in ... https://books.google.at/books?isbn=1845641264 #s - 2008 - 867 Seiten - Transportation Finally, the inclinations of the railway track are also plotted in Figure 4, scaled such that 0 on the y-axis means −10 per mille, and 1 means 10 per mille. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 hr (2016-04-29 12:36:09 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Per mille Examples of common use include: - legal limits of blood-alcohol content for driving a road vehicle in some countries: for example: 0.6‰ or 0.2‰. - seawater salinity: for example: "the average salinity is 35‰". - ***tunnel and railway gradients (in some countries in Europe)*** - birth and death rates - baseball batting averages (colloquially) - property taxation rates: the millage rate (U.S.) or mill rate (Canada) - expressing stable-isotope ratios - for example: "δ13C was measured at −3.5‰" - expressing costs for print and online advertisements which are commonly sold at cost per mille (CPM); this is the common unit for all banner and display advertising - frequently used by email service providers to denominate the cost for 1,000 emails delivered as a cost per mille (CPM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_mille -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 hr (2016-04-29 12:41:58 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- per mille = ‰ |
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1 in___ Explanation: Per mille is a correct literal translation. However, in a British railway context, gradients are always stated in the form "1 in 100" or similar. In this case, "15.143 per mille" could be written as "15.143 in 1000", which gives 1 in 66 or so when simplified. See the web reference for an example of this method of gradient notation. Reference: http://www.networkrail.co.uk/aspx/10556.aspx |
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Notes to answerer
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‰ Explanation: I would add simply the sign, for 2 reasons: 1. a number precedes it 2. the word is so rarely used in English that there is no spelling agreement, the word is spelt in many different ways.. See 1° link A per mille[1][2][3] (from Latin per mīlle, "in each thousand"[4]), also spelled per mil,[4][1][5][6][2][7] per mill,[4][8][5][6][7][9] permil,[4] permill,[4] or permill The term occurs so rarely in English that major dictionaries do not agree on the spelling or pronunciation even within a single dialect of English[10] and some major dictionaries such as Macmillan[11] and Longman[12] do not even contain an entry. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 2 days20 hrs (2016-05-02 08:31:08 GMT) Post-grading -------------------------------------------------- "Promilleangaben werden meist durch das Promillezeichen ‰ kenntlich gemacht" https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promille https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_mille "The sign is written ‰, which looks like a percent sign (%) with an extra zero in the divisor. It is included in the General Punctuation block of Unicode characters: U+2030 ‰ PER MILLE SIGN (HTML ‰ · ‰).[3] It is accessible in Windows using ALT+0137 EN Variants: per mille, per mil, per mill, permil, permill https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_mille Reference: http://www.rapidtables.com/math/number/Per_mille.htm |
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