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titre

English translation: title

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
French term or phrase:titre
English translation:title
Entered by: pooja_chic

15:36 Aug 29, 2015
French to English translations [PRO]
Bus/Financial - Finance (general) / Articles of Association
French term or phrase: titre
Le titre de l'Associé Unique ou le titre de chacun des associés résulte uniquement des présents statuts, des cessions ou transmissions de parts régulièrement effectuées et des actes pouvant modifier le capital.
pooja_chic
title
Explanation:
http://www.newyorklegalethics.com/who-may-use-the-title-part...

Who May Use the Title ‘Partner’?
December 1, 2008 • NYPRR Archive



By Roy Simon
[Originally published in NYPRR December 2008]


New York’s Ethical Consideration 2-12 (as renumbered in November 2007) states: “In order to avoid the possibility of misleading persons with whom a lawyer deals, a lawyer should be scrupulous in the representation of profession-al status. A lawyer should not hold himself or herself out as being a partner or associate of a law firm if not one in fact …” DR 2-102(C) provides: “a lawyer may not hold himself or herself out as having a partnership with one or more other lawyers unless they are in fact partners.” What is the meaning of the phrase “are in fact partners”? More specifically, when may a lawyer use the title “partner,” and when may a law firm describe a lawyer as a “partner”?

[...]

New York Case Law

Turning to New York authorities, the NYCLA ethics committee relied on two New York federal cases indicating that DR 2-102(C) may inhibit an individual lawyer’s use of the title “partner.” Both courts noted that the use of the title “partner” by a lawyer who is only an employee may violate DR 2-102(C). The cases are interesting in their own right, so I will describe them in considerably more detail than the NYCLA ethics committee did.



http://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/nov/08/congratulati...

'Congratulations, you've become a Goldman Sachs partner'
Banking high-flyers await phone call after secretive, brutal selection process that involves no job advert and no interview.

"The whittling down of the candidates is under way this week in Goldman Sachs's head office in New York. Stretching across several days, a team of partners led by London-based Michael "Woody" Sherwood are deciding upon whom to bestow the glittering title of Goldman Sachs partner.

The decision comes at the end of a thorough, secretive and sometimes brutal decision-making process that happens only every two years. This year's deliberations began in the summer and include the selection of managing directors, one rung below partnership.

With the title of partner comes prestige that is, arguably, unrivalled in the financial world. [...]"




https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waitrose

Employment practices and benefits[edit]
Main article: John Lewis Partnership
As part of the John Lewis Partnership, all of Waitrose's employees are assigned the title of Partner, co-owners of the business. As such, they receive certain benefits, most notably the Partnership bonus, usually around 10–20% of a Partner's yearly salary in a lump sum paid in March (the highest bonus percentage in recent years has been 22%). The annual partnership bonus for 2011 was 18%, for 2012 was 14% for 2013 was 17% and for 2014 the bonus was 15%. After three months service, Partners receive a green discount card which entitles them to 15% discount in Waitrose and 25% in John Lewis Department Stores on most goods. Due to lower margins, discount is 12% on some (mainly electrical) goods in the department stores.[citation needed]



http://www.big4.com/management-and-business/salaried-vs-fixe...

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Note added at 1 hr (2015-08-29 16:39:10 GMT)
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"Title" has a very specific meaning here. It means there is some official trace that this particular status has been awarded to the individual concerned. Along with the title of "partner" (or "associate", which you made need to differntiate, but we don't have that info here), come new duties and obligations but also new advantages and rights.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2015-08-29 19:06:40 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

PELASE IGNORE THIS ANSWER. I THINK I MISSED THE POINT ALTOGETHER!!!!

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 15 hrs (2015-08-30 07:33:35 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Back again ti this one. Ignore the message to ignore.
"Title" as suggested remains as suggested.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 16 hrs (2015-08-30 07:45:06 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

As AllegroTrans pointed out, it loods as though this is about shareholders. I still consider that "title" may still hold good. Apart from the example of the source I cited where Waitrose considers each of its employees as a Partner, then along the lines of what AT suggests, then the "associé" can equally well be an associate member of the company.

It is once again a question of context. I may have had a too restrictive reading of the context psoted. Perhaps the Asker could provide more. In any event, the nature of the term "Associé" should be clear to the Asker.

In either case, I still consider that "title" works as it is a term which has a specific meaning, just as "title".

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 16 hrs (2015-08-30 07:55:53 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

FINAL CLARIFICATIONS.

I still go along with my original reading that this looks very much like a partnership. Various forms of partnership exist in France which do not exist in the UK.

As I indicated in my first additional note, (at 1hr), the term "associé" can be rendered in EN as "partner" or "associate". Teh text provided in context inidcates the "titre" of "associé" arises out of the "articles d'association". This brings to mind an SCP (société civile professionnelle) : http://www.dictionnaire-juridique.com/definition/societes-ci...

If this type of set up is the one being described, then "title" is the term in English, whether the term for "associé" is "partner" or "associate" or indeed "associte partner" in the structure concerned.
Selected response from:

Nikki Scott-Despaigne
Local time: 01:58
Grading comment
Thank you
3 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +4title
Nikki Scott-Despaigne
4 +2status
AllegroTrans
4 -1authority
Barbara Cochran, MFA
Summary of reference entries provided
REPRESENTATION DES PARTS SOCIALES
Daryo

Discussion entries: 2





  

Answers


44 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +2
status


Explanation:
.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 52 mins (2015-08-29 16:29:11 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

In other words, a sole shareholder or any shareholder has such status solely on the basis of the company's Articles of Association.


--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 53 mins (2015-08-29 16:30:09 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

+ any ensuing assignment of shares.

AllegroTrans
United Kingdom
Local time: 00:58
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 267

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
neutral  Nikki Scott-Despaigne: This works in "international" English, but again, you could have the status without holding the actual title. ;-) I see no reason not to use "title", indeed many reasons to use it. //P'ship shares are assigned so if p'ship, then "title" still holds good.
22 mins
  -> but "status of X" implies both title AND status as far as I can see
agree  Patrice
1 hr
  -> thanks
agree  Adrian MM. (X): but an 'associate' is a member of a co. (or a partnership) and may not in fact be a shareholder, plus co. shares are transferred and not assigned (though the underlying chose in action is).
3 hrs
  -> thanks
Login to enter a peer comment (or grade)

26 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): -1
authority


Explanation:
Reference: The Council of Europe French-English Legal Dictionary

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2015-08-29 16:51:48 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Based on her/his qualifications.

Barbara Cochran, MFA
United States
Local time: 19:58
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
neutral  AllegroTrans: "Authority" may be implied but that is not what "titre" means; this is over-translation
24 mins
  -> I don't see anything wrong with being thorough.
neutral  Nikki Scott-Despaigne: An employee of long standing may have similar authority to a partner without having the "titre". It is one of the classic reasons why senior employees leave a firm.
39 mins
disagree  Daryo: the specific context of the specific ST always beats any dictionary / glossary and similar sources ...
5 hrs
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59 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +4
title


Explanation:
http://www.newyorklegalethics.com/who-may-use-the-title-part...

Who May Use the Title ‘Partner’?
December 1, 2008 • NYPRR Archive



By Roy Simon
[Originally published in NYPRR December 2008]


New York’s Ethical Consideration 2-12 (as renumbered in November 2007) states: “In order to avoid the possibility of misleading persons with whom a lawyer deals, a lawyer should be scrupulous in the representation of profession-al status. A lawyer should not hold himself or herself out as being a partner or associate of a law firm if not one in fact …” DR 2-102(C) provides: “a lawyer may not hold himself or herself out as having a partnership with one or more other lawyers unless they are in fact partners.” What is the meaning of the phrase “are in fact partners”? More specifically, when may a lawyer use the title “partner,” and when may a law firm describe a lawyer as a “partner”?

[...]

New York Case Law

Turning to New York authorities, the NYCLA ethics committee relied on two New York federal cases indicating that DR 2-102(C) may inhibit an individual lawyer’s use of the title “partner.” Both courts noted that the use of the title “partner” by a lawyer who is only an employee may violate DR 2-102(C). The cases are interesting in their own right, so I will describe them in considerably more detail than the NYCLA ethics committee did.



http://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/nov/08/congratulati...

'Congratulations, you've become a Goldman Sachs partner'
Banking high-flyers await phone call after secretive, brutal selection process that involves no job advert and no interview.

"The whittling down of the candidates is under way this week in Goldman Sachs's head office in New York. Stretching across several days, a team of partners led by London-based Michael "Woody" Sherwood are deciding upon whom to bestow the glittering title of Goldman Sachs partner.

The decision comes at the end of a thorough, secretive and sometimes brutal decision-making process that happens only every two years. This year's deliberations began in the summer and include the selection of managing directors, one rung below partnership.

With the title of partner comes prestige that is, arguably, unrivalled in the financial world. [...]"




https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waitrose

Employment practices and benefits[edit]
Main article: John Lewis Partnership
As part of the John Lewis Partnership, all of Waitrose's employees are assigned the title of Partner, co-owners of the business. As such, they receive certain benefits, most notably the Partnership bonus, usually around 10–20% of a Partner's yearly salary in a lump sum paid in March (the highest bonus percentage in recent years has been 22%). The annual partnership bonus for 2011 was 18%, for 2012 was 14% for 2013 was 17% and for 2014 the bonus was 15%. After three months service, Partners receive a green discount card which entitles them to 15% discount in Waitrose and 25% in John Lewis Department Stores on most goods. Due to lower margins, discount is 12% on some (mainly electrical) goods in the department stores.[citation needed]



http://www.big4.com/management-and-business/salaried-vs-fixe...

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2015-08-29 16:39:10 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

"Title" has a very specific meaning here. It means there is some official trace that this particular status has been awarded to the individual concerned. Along with the title of "partner" (or "associate", which you made need to differntiate, but we don't have that info here), come new duties and obligations but also new advantages and rights.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2015-08-29 19:06:40 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

PELASE IGNORE THIS ANSWER. I THINK I MISSED THE POINT ALTOGETHER!!!!

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 15 hrs (2015-08-30 07:33:35 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Back again ti this one. Ignore the message to ignore.
"Title" as suggested remains as suggested.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 16 hrs (2015-08-30 07:45:06 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

As AllegroTrans pointed out, it loods as though this is about shareholders. I still consider that "title" may still hold good. Apart from the example of the source I cited where Waitrose considers each of its employees as a Partner, then along the lines of what AT suggests, then the "associé" can equally well be an associate member of the company.

It is once again a question of context. I may have had a too restrictive reading of the context psoted. Perhaps the Asker could provide more. In any event, the nature of the term "Associé" should be clear to the Asker.

In either case, I still consider that "title" works as it is a term which has a specific meaning, just as "title".

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 16 hrs (2015-08-30 07:55:53 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

FINAL CLARIFICATIONS.

I still go along with my original reading that this looks very much like a partnership. Various forms of partnership exist in France which do not exist in the UK.

As I indicated in my first additional note, (at 1hr), the term "associé" can be rendered in EN as "partner" or "associate". Teh text provided in context inidcates the "titre" of "associé" arises out of the "articles d'association". This brings to mind an SCP (société civile professionnelle) : http://www.dictionnaire-juridique.com/definition/societes-ci...

If this type of set up is the one being described, then "title" is the term in English, whether the term for "associé" is "partner" or "associate" or indeed "associte partner" in the structure concerned.

Nikki Scott-Despaigne
Local time: 01:58
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 162
Grading comment
Thank you

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
neutral  AllegroTrans: I think this is about shareholders, not partners (albeit FR uses the same word for both) - see the bit about assignment of shares and changes to share capital
10 mins
  -> It may appear that way. I think that "title" still holds good. See additional note. Do not overlook the notion of partnership shares. It would be helpful if PC could provide more context. This could be an SCP for example.
agree  AbrahamS
16 mins
agree  B D Finch
30 mins
agree  Patrice
1 hr
agree  rkillings: Makes sense that the status and the authority come with the title, which is a representation of what the holder *is*, not what s/he has.
2 days 7 hrs
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Reference comments


3 hrs
Reference: REPRESENTATION DES PARTS SOCIALES

Reference information:
ARTICLE 9 - PARTS SOCIALES

I. REPRESENTATION DES PARTS SOCIALES

Les parts sociales ne peuvent jamais être représentées par des titres négociables.

Le titre de chaque associé résulte seulement des présents statuts, des actes ultérieurs qui pourraient modifier le capital social et des cessions qui seraient régulièrement consenties.

II. DROITS ET OBLIGATIONS ATTACHES AUX PARTS SOCIALES

Chaque part sociale confère à son propriétaire un droit égal dans les bénéfices de la société et dans tout l'actif social.

Les apports en industrie permis par la loi donnent lieu à attribution de parts ouvrant droit aux partages des bénéfices et de l'actif net, à charge de contribuer aux pertes. Ces parts sont incessibles et intransmissibles ; en cas de cessation d'activité ou de décès de l'apporteur, elles doivent être annulées.

Toute part sociale donne droit à une voix dans tous les votes et délibérations.

Sous réserve de leur responsabilité solidaire vis-à-vis des tiers, pendant cinq ans, en ce qui concerne la valeur attribuée aux apports en nature, les associés ne supportent les pertes que jusqu'à concurrence de leurs apports ; au-delà, tout appel de fonds est interdit.

La propriété d'une part emporte de plein droit adhésion aux statuts de la société et aux décisions collectives des associés.

http://droit-finances.commentcamarche.net/forum/affich-41581...

Art 9. Parts sociales
9.1. Représentation des parts sociales

Les parts sociales ne peuvent jamais être représentées par des titres négociables, nominatifs ou au porteur.

Le titre de l’associé unique ou de chaque associé en cas de pluralité d’associé résulte seulement des présents statuts, des actes ultérieurs qui pourraient modifier le capital social et des cessions qui seraient régulièrement consenties.

http://aide-creation-entreprise.info/Exemple-statuts-EURL-gr...

http://docslide.net/documents/statuts-sarl-unipersonnelle.ht...

http://business.lesechos.fr/entrepreneurs/juridique/dossiers...

http://statut.gapexpert.fr/eurl.php

http://www.rcsmada.mg/index.php?pgdown=pgdown2&plan=Informat...

http://www.rcsmada.mg/app/contenu/data/telecharger/STATUT SA...

http://www.rcsmada.mg/app/contenu/data/html/STATUT SARLU.htm


Under section 185 of the Companies Act 1985, a share certificate does not have to be sent to the recipient of new shares until up to 2 months (and even then it only has to be fully completed and ready for delivery) after the date they are allotted or transferred.

Transfer

The transfer of a share is deemed to be when the name of the transferee is entered in the Register of Members. However, it is not enough to simply put the name on the register, full legal title to the share will only occur provided:
the stock transfer form has been signed;
the Board has agreed to register the transfer; and
the appropriate stamp has been placed on stock transfer form
The date of the last of these three actions will be the date legal title is transferred.

http://corporatelawuk.typepad.com/corporate_blawg/2006/09/ba...

Daryo
United Kingdom
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in SerbianSerbian, Native in FrenchFrench
PRO pts in category: 191

Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
neutral  Adrian MM. (X): hopelessly muddled - mixing up titre and parts sociales - and inconclusive//remember the English A-level technique for answering foreign literary questions: 1. an intro. 2. a coherent and cogent exposition 3. a firm conclusion.
27 mins
  -> muddled = samples of how the term to translate is used in real-life texts?? what do you want more or else as a starting point?? or you have some new very creative/inventive method for translating to offer?
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