bijgedraaid

English translation: heaved to

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
Dutch term or phrase:bijgedraaid
English translation:heaved to
Entered by: Alexander Schleber (X)

14:34 Feb 12, 2013
Dutch to English translations [PRO]
Tech/Engineering - Ships, Sailing, Maritime
Dutch term or phrase: bijgedraaid
Various Google searches have yielded a good idea of what is meant here but I just wondered if anyone knows the correct nautical term please? I have posted a separate question for 'bijgedraaid' too.

The whole sentence is:

Moeilijkheden met het behouden van de koers door o.a. toenemende wind en/of zeegang bij een lenzend of bijgedraaid schip.

The context is situations in which the captain of a ship must be alerted.
Kathy Freeman
Local time: 10:20
heaved to / headed into the wind
Explanation:
Both a way of slowing down a sailing ship.
Selected response from:

Alexander Schleber (X)
Belgium
Local time: 11:20
Grading comment
Selected automatically based on peer agreement.
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
3 +2heaved to / headed into the wind
Alexander Schleber (X)
3heading into the wind
Textpertise
3set in a heave-to position
Barend van Zadelhoff
Summary of reference entries provided
bijgedraaid
Barend van Zadelhoff
full sentence
Lianne van de Ven

  

Answers


7 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5
heading into the wind


Explanation:
Bijdraaien can have several meanings in English, notably 'heave to' or head into the wind. In open sea, the second of these would be applicable and I think that is the context here.

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Note added at 9 mins (2013-02-12 14:44:14 GMT)
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so your full expression would be ...in the case of a ship which is in the process of emptying its bilges or heading into the wind.

Textpertise
United Kingdom
Local time: 10:20
Works in field
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17 mins   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5 peer agreement (net): +2
heaved to / headed into the wind


Explanation:
Both a way of slowing down a sailing ship.

Alexander Schleber (X)
Belgium
Local time: 11:20
Native speaker of: Native in GermanGerman, Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 4
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Selected automatically based on peer agreement.

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Lianne van de Ven: "hove to" (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heaving_to)
44 mins

agree  RobertHolmes: to heave to is m.i. goed. Headed into the wind niet. Een bijgedraaid schip ligt (juist) niet tegen de wind in.
1720 days
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4 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5
set in a heave-to position


Explanation:
as far as sailing boats are concerned
perhaps it can be used for other boats as well

bijgedraaid schip

ship set in a heave-to (or heave to?) position


To counter the bow of the boat from turning down wind, the helmsman will slowly turn the bow of the boat to windward (back up into the wind). You are trying to stall the boat but you do not want to tack. This may require feathering the boat (turning into the wind and then slightly down wind) until the boat slows to a near stall.

The wind on the backed foresail will continue to want to force the bow of the boat leeward. To counter this effect, the rudder remains turned to force the bow into the windward (into the wind). Once the boat has settled in its heave to position, you will need to keep the rudder turned to windward. Tighten the wheel brake or if you are using a tiller, tie a line to the tiller arm and then tie it off to the leeward stern cleat.

In essence, the wind catches the backed foresail pushing the bow down wind and the boat begins to slowly move. The movement of the boat and the angle of the rudder force the bow of the boat back into the wind. The boat then stalls and drifts until the wind is able to force the bow leeward and the whole process to repeats itself.

The finally effect of this is that the boat rests in the water, moving ever so slightly, the constant struggle between the wind on the foresail and the counteraction of the rudder are imperceptible. The foresail remains backed and taught (stretched tightly) so it is not luffing (flapping). The main sail has been eased out so that it catches little if any wind and there is no risk of the boom swinging across the boat.

Heaving To is a very safe position to be in. In fact, Heaving To has it’s origins in heavy weather sailing where sailors would ride out rain, strong winds and high seas in a Heave To position.

http://www.gosailing.info/Heaving To.htm

When a sailboat is set in a heave to position, she slows down considerably and keeps moving forward at about 1 to 2 kts, but with a significant amount of drift. The drift creates some turbulence on the water, and that disturbance decreases significantly the sea aggressiveness. The pounding felt when going upwind in strong seas almost miraculously disappears and the boat does not heel as much. This is MUCH more comfortable. It's a little bit like "parking" the boat on idle speed. The limitations of this technique are: a)you need enough sea room because of the important drift; and b) beyond a certain level of wind, other measures need to be taken (we won't get into this here since not too many charterers get caught in 50kts winds. Hopefully!)

http://www.sailonline.com/seamanship/boat-handling/heaving-t...

Barend van Zadelhoff
Netherlands
Local time: 11:20
Native speaker of: Native in DutchDutch
PRO pts in category: 15
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Reference comments


1 hr
Reference: bijgedraaid

Reference information:
stilgelegd

Bijdraaien of bijliggen

Bijdraaien of bijliggen

Eerst even terug in de boeken. De techniek van “bijliggen” wordt in vele watersport boeken (Zwaar weer zeilen, Handboek voor zeilers, Goed bemannen enz.) besproken *met als doel een zeilschip stil te leggen* . Vaak wordt hier mee “bijgedraaid” bedoeld. Van origine wordt met bijliggen bedoeld, met een zeilschip onder klein zeil, aan de wind en met de kop op de zeegang een storm over laten komen. Bijgedraaid liggen wil zeggen dat een zeilschip met een of meer bakstaande zeilen wordt stilgelegd. De Maritieme Encyclopedie en de Encyclopedie van de Zeilvaart geven een uitgebreide beschrijving van deze begrippen.

Watersport en de beoefenaars ervan hebben veel baat als ze bijdraaien of “bijliggen” onder de knie hebben. De begrippen bestaan al zolang er zeilboten bestaan. Vooral de zeilende loodskotters uit de vorige eeuw, die voor de zeegaten soms dagen moesten wachten op hun klanten, gebruikten het bijgedraaid liggen om hun positie te behouden. Maar u als watersporter kan ook handig gebruik maken van deze techniek en niet alleen als het stormt en zeilen bijna onmogelijk is.

http://www.watersportalmanak.nl/artikel/bijdraaien-bijliggen

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Note added at 2 hrs (2013-02-12 17:26:33 GMT)
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Bijliggen / bijdraaien

Als je met vaartlopen op ruim water door stormweer wordt overvallen kan bij een open boot te veel water binnen komen. Een keldering is dan niet denkbeeldig. De juiste oplossing is om te gaan bijliggen (bijleggen). Laat de motor zo langzaam draaien dat je ten opzichte van de grond geen vaart meer loopt en leg de kop schuin op de golven. Dit verkleint de kans dat de schroef boven water komt en ijdel (blind), ook wel backlash genoemd, gaat draaien.

Bij zeilboten: Neem zeil terug, vaar het schip aan- of in de wind, vier het grootzeil tot het killend bijstaat, trek met de fokkeschoot aan loef de fok bak en regel de stand van de boot ten opzichte van de wind en de golven met het roer (helmstok naar lij). Ook kan men het schip op en neer houden door tijdens het bijliggen met korte slagen te laveren zonder vooruit te komen. Het bijliggen met vast roer werd vroeger onder zee liggen genoemd. Bij reddingsloepen werd tijdens bijliggen wel gebruik gemaakt van golfstillende olie. Er werd aan loefzijde traan of vette plantaardige olie gestort. Toch gaf minerale olie meer slaak dan raapolie (slaak is de plek waar de zee stiller en effener is). "Golfstillend" is eigenlijk een verkeerde naam. De olie gaat alleen de vorming van krullers (brekers) tegen. De golfbeweging vermindert niet. Bij de sloepinventaris van een reddingboot wordt dan ook gesproken over "stortolie".

Bijliggen is iets anders dan bijdraaien. Daarmee wordt het stilliggen van het schip met draaiende of stand-by motor ten opzichte van het wateroppervlak bedoeld, of een zeilschip onder vol tuig stil te leggen (bij te steken) door de kop in de wind te draaien en/of de zeilen tegen te brassen. Zie ook praaien en voorliggen.

http://www.vaartips.nl/tipb.htm#bijliggen

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Note added at 3 hrs (2013-02-12 17:54:09 GMT)
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Somewhat less detailed and in summary form:

Bijliggen: Stilliggen van een zeilboot aan de wind; fok bak, grootzeil midscheeps doorgezet, roer lij.

Bijdraaien: Stilliggen van een zeilboot door de kop in de wind te draaien.

http://www.zeiluniversiteit.nl/basistechnieken/zeil-theorie-...

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Note added at 4 hrs (2013-02-12 18:35:31 GMT)
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Heave to (mentioned in a list of 5 ways of preparing for a thunderstorm)

a process of *stalling* a ship

Reef sails, or switch to storm sails, and prepare to heave-to. Heaving to is a process of stalling the boat while pointed at an angle into the wind and waves and is much safer than simply dropping sails and drifting, called lying ahull. When lying ahull with sails down, most boats turn sideways and are at risk of capsize or being flipped by a wave. If you have never heaved-to, take some time to research the method that will work best for your type of boat and sail configuration, and practice ahead of time so you know what to do.

http://sailing.about.com/od/navigationseamanship/a/Storms-An...

Barend van Zadelhoff
Netherlands
Native speaker of: Native in DutchDutch
PRO pts in category: 15
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8 hrs peer agreement (net): +1
Reference: full sentence

Reference information:
It is hard to maintain course in rough seas with a ship that is experiencing rough winds or is either scudding or hove-to.

Heaving-To
When considerations get so bad offshore that a
boat cannotmake headway and begins to take too
much punishment, it is time to HEAVE-TO, a
maneuver whose execution varies for different
vessels. Powerboats, both single- and twin-screw,
will usually be most comfortable if brought
around and kept bow to the seas, or a few points
off, using just enough power to make bare steeragewaywhile
conserving fuel; itmay be necessary
to occasionally use brief spurts of greater power
to keep the craft headed in the best direction.
Sailboats traditionally heave-to with the wheel
lashed to keep the boat headed up. A small, very
strong STORM JIB is sheeted to windward to hold
the bow just off the wind, while a STORM TRYSAIL
is sheeted flat.This is a small, strong triangular sail
with a lowclewand a single sheet; it should have a
separate track on the mast so that it can be set up
before the mainsail is dropped. A loose-footed
sail, it is not bent to the boom,which is secured in
its crutch. The jib-trysail combination balances
the tendency of trysail and rudder to head the
vessel into the wind against the effect of the jib to
head it off, and the result is, ideally, that the boat
lies 45º from the wind while making very slow
headway.
Same book: Chapman Piloting & Seamanship
page 355/356

Lianne van de Ven
United States
Native speaker of: Native in DutchDutch
PRO pts in category: 46

Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
agree  Barend van Zadelhoff: 'hove to' might be an alternative to 'set in a heave-to position' but you could also translate as '.. in case of a ship that is running before the wind OR set in a heave-to position.
1 hr
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